Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34266415›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2021

Trends in socioeconomic inequality of periodontal health status among Dutch adults: a repeated cross-sectional analysis over two decades.

An Li, Jan Hendrik Vermaire, Yuntao Chen, Luc W M van der Sluis, Renske Z Thomas, Geerten-Has E Tjakkes, Annemarie A Schuller

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Article
  5. Oral health inequalities among geriatric population: A systematic review.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

An LiDepartment of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. a.li@umcg.nl.ORCID 0000-0001-5750-526X
Jan Hendrik VermaireDepartment of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Yuntao ChenMedical Statistics and Decision Making, Department of Epidemiology, UMCG, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Luc W M van der SluisDepartment of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Renske Z ThomasDepartment of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Geerten-Has E TjakkesDepartment of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Annemarie A SchullerDepartment of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Funding

China Scholarship Council 201706100193China Scholarship Council 201708440245
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStudies exclusively focusing on trends in socioeconomic inequality of oral health status in industrialized countries are relatively sparse. This study aimed to assess possible differences in oral hygiene and periodontal status among people of different socioeconomic status (SES) in the Netherlands over two decades.

methodsA repeated cross-sectional analysis of 3083 participants aged 25-54 years was conducted on the Dutch National Oral Health Surveys of 1995, 2002, 2007, and 2013. Plaque-free was defined according to the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S = 0). Periodontal status was classified in two different ways, either periodontal health/disease (probing pocket depth index [PDI] = 0/ ≥ 1) or with/without deep pockets (PDI = 2). We used the regression-based absolute and relative effect index to measure the absolute and relative socioeconomic inequalities. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to explore temporal trends in oral hygiene and periodontal status by low- and high-SES groups.

resultsAge-standardized percentages of individuals with plaque-free increased in the whole population from 1995 to 2013 (12.7% [95% CI 10.5-14.9] to 28.1% [24.8-31.5]). Plaque-free showed significant socioeconomic differences in absolute and relative inequalities in 2007 and 2013. Between 1995 and 2013, age-standardized percentage of periodontal health increased (from 51.4% [48.1-54.7] to 60.6% [57.0-64.1]). The significant absolute inequalities for periodontal health were seen in 2002 and 2013. The relative scale presented a similar pattern. Regarding deep pockets, there was little difference in the age-standardized overall prevalence in 1995 versus 2013 (from 6.5% [4.9-8.2] to 5.4% [3.7-7.0]). The significant absolute and relative inequalities in deep pockets prevalence were found in 1995. Yet, all interaction terms between survey year and SES did not reach significance (plaque-free: P = .198; periodontal health: P = .490; deep pockets: P = .678).

conclusionsSocioeconomic inequalities in oral hygiene and periodontal status were present in the Netherlands in the last two decades.

Indexed as

Health StatusOral HygieneAdultCross-Sectional StudiesHumansNetherlandsSocioeconomic FactorsOral hygienePeriodontal healthSocioeconomic inequalityThe NetherlandsTrends

Identifiers

PMID34266415
PMCPMC8284001

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.