ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021
The relationship between internal migration and the likelihood of high-risk pregnancy: Hukou system and high-risk pregnancies in China.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessing the impact of China's universal two-child policy on infant health: evidence from a quasi-experimental study.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Health insurance integration and fertility intentions among migrant populations in China: evidence from urban-rural medical reform.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- The estimated incidence of uterine corpus cancers among permanent residents in mainland China using Bayesian spatial modeling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The impact of ethnic status on the health of female migrants: evidence from China.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Perinatal health outcomes of offspring of internal migrant women according to human development index: a registry-based cohort study of over 10 million live births from Brazil.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Article
- Burden and trends of mental disorders in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Article
- The prevalence of preterm and low birth weight infants among migrant women in the Pearl River Delta region, China: a population-based birth cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Observational
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3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundChina has one of the world's largest internal migrant populations. The Chinese Hukou system is a unique household registration system that limits internal migrants in their access to basic urban public services, such as public health insurance and social assistance of their host city. In the case of female internal migrants, this may lead to high-risk pregnancies. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between internal migrant status (Hukou) and the likelihood of high-risk pregnancies that occur in one large municipal-level obstetrics hospital in Shanghai, China.
methodsMedical records data from the Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from January 1, 2013, to May 31, 2018, were used to analyze 133,358 live births for Shanghai natives (n = 83,872) and internal migrant women (n = 49,486). A propensity score matching approach was used in conjunction with logistic regression analysis to identify the role of internal migrant status (Hukou) on the likelihood of high-risk pregnancies.
resultsA greater likelihood of high-risk pregnancies were found among internal migrant women who moved from other parts of China to Shanghai. This effect was more obvious for women who gave birth for the first time and internal migrant women who were employed.
conclusionThe results show the effects of internal migrant status (Hukou) and the elevated likelihood of high-risk pregnancies among internal migrant women relative to their urban counterparts in Shanghai even after accounting for self-selection by employing the propensity score matching method. China's unique Hukou household registration system limits access to public services for internal migrant women and accordingly may account for the elevated likelihood of high-risk pregnancies.
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