ArticleThe lancet. HIV2021
Adoption of guidelines on and use of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis: a global summary and forecasting study.
Article in The lancet. HIV, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05492565 (A Study to Evaluate Clinical Benefits and Drawbacks of Antiretroviral Drugs as Pre-exposure Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV Infection Under Real-life Conditions Among Persons Who Pursue High-risk Sexual Practices), which is not on this map. Cited by 57 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Study to Evaluate Clinical Benefits and Drawbacks of Antiretroviral Drugs as Pre-exposure Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV Infection Under Real-life Conditions Among Persons Who Pursue High-risk Sexual Practices: The Seville HIV PrEP Cohort
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolving landscape of economic evaluations of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation strategies: a systematic review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Pooled it
- Pleasure and PrEP: A Systematic Review of Studies Examining Pleasure, Sexual Satisfaction, and PrEP.Journal of sex research · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Risk scores for predicting HIV incidence among adult heterosexual populations in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Pooled it
- The HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis continuum of care among women who inject drugs: A systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Fidelity of Implementation of Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV in Public Family Planning Clinics in Kenya: Results From a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Oral PrEP Use by Transgender Men in Uganda: A Multi-method Evaluation.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- The Current and Future Impact of WHO Guidance on Global HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Programs: A Narrative Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Oral PrEP continuation rates among key populations in Nigeria: a retrospective cohort study of a large-scale HIV prevention programme.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Evaluating factors associated with awareness and attitude towards pre-exposure prophylaxis among cisgender sexually active women in Ghana.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Preference for Service Delivery for Long-Acting Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Infection Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in South Africa and Botswana.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Article
- Factors associated with active syphilis infection in US blood donors.Transfusion · 2025Article
- Expanding access to a choice-based multi-method PrEP market for HIV prevention.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Baseline variables associated with subsequent HIV seroconversion among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men and transgender women: a prospective, multicenter PrEP demonstration study (ImPrEP).Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Awareness, willingness, and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men in Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Engagement in Preexposure Prophylaxis Care at 1 Year Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Enrolled in the French ANRS PREVENIR Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Characterizing populations prioritized for PrEP in 19 African countries: a review of national guidance.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Review
- "Men Take Care of Each Other": Evaluation of a Community-Based Model for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Services Among Male Bar Patrons in Rural South Africa.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 9 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn 2016, the UN General Assembly set a global target of 3 million oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users by 2020. With this target at an end, we aimed to assess global trends in the adoption of WHO PrEP recommendations into national guidelines and numbers of PrEP users, defined as people who received oral PrEP at least once in a given year, and to estimate future trajectories of PrEP use.
methodsIn this global summary and forecasting study, data on adoption of WHO PrEP recommendations and numbers of PrEP users were obtained through the Global AIDS Monitoring system and WHO regional offices. Trends in these indicators for 2016-19 by region and for 2019 by country were described, including by gender and priority populations where data were available. PrEP user numbers were forecasted until 2023 by selecting countries with at least 3 years of PrEP user data as example countries in each region to represent possible future PrEP user trajectories. PrEP user growth rates observed in example countries were applied to countries in corresponding regions under different scenarios, including a COVID-19 disruption scenario with static global PrEP use in 2020.
findingsBy the end of 2019, 120 (67%) of 180 countries with data had adopted the WHO PrEP recommendations into national guidelines (23 in 2019 and 30 in 2018). In 2019, there were about 626 000 PrEP users across 77 countries, including 260 000 (41·6%) in the region of the Americas and 213 000 (34·0%) in the African region; this is a 69% increase from about 370 000 PrEP users across 66 countries in 2018. Without COVID-19 disruptions, 0·9-1·1 million global PrEP users were projected by the end of 2020 and 2·4-5·3 million are projected by the end of 2023. If COVID-19 disruptions resulted in no PrEP user growth in 2020, the projected number of PrEP users in 2023 is 2·1-3·0 million.
interpretationWidespread adoption of WHO PrEP recommendations coincided with a global increase in PrEP use. Although the 2020 global PrEP target will be missed, strong future growth in PrEP use is possible. New PrEP products could expand the PrEP user base, and, with greater expansion of oral PrEP, further adoption of WHO PrEP recommendations, and simplified delivery, PrEP could contribute to ending AIDS by 2030.
fundingUnitaid, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and WHO.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.