Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34265200›Full record

ArticlePsychiatry investigation2021

Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Training in the Elderly with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Seri Maeng, Jin Pyo Hong, Won-Hyoung Kim, Hyeyoung Kim, Seo-Eun Cho, Jae Myeong Kang, Kyoung-Sae Na, Seok-Hee Oh, Jung Woon Park, Jae Nam Bae and 1 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Psychiatry investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Seri MaengDepartment of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Jin Pyo HongDepartment of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Won-Hyoung KimDepartment of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Hyeyoung KimDepartment of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Seo-Eun ChoDepartment of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Jae Myeong KangDepartment of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Kyoung-Sae NaDepartment of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Seok-Hee OhDepartment of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Jung Woon ParkDepartment of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University Graduate School, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Jae Nam BaeDepartment of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Seong-Jin ChoDepartment of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Funding

Information Technology Research CenterInstitute for Information & Communications Technology IITP-2020-2017-0-01630Ministry of Science and ICT 2017-0-00180
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to introduce a 4-week long fully immersive virtual reality-based cognitive training (VRCT) program that could be applied for both a cognitively normal elderly population and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, we attempted to investigate the neuropsychological effects of the VRCT program in each group.

methodsA total of 56 participants, 31 in the MCI group and 25 in the cognitively normal elderly group, underwent eight sessions of VRCT for 4 weeks. In order to evaluate the effects of the VRCT, the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet was administered before and after the program. The program' s safety was assessed using a simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ), and availability was assessed using the presence questionnaire.

resultsAfter the eighth session of the VRCT program, cognitive improvement was observed in the ability to learn new information, visuospatial constructional ability, and frontal lobe function in both groups. At the baseline evaluation, based on the SSQ, the MCI group complained of disorientation and nausea significantly more than the cognitively normal elderly group did. However, both groups showed a reduction in discomfort as the VRCT program progressed.

conclusionWe conclude that our VRCT program helps improve cognition in both the MCI group and cognitively normal elderly group. Therefore, the VRCT is expected to help improve cognitive function in elderly populations with and without MCI.

Indexed as

Mild cognitive impairmentVirtual realityVirtual reality-based cognitive therapy

Identifiers

PMID34265200
PMCPMC8328838

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.