ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2021
Consuming Sucrose- or HFCS-sweetened Beverages Increases Hepatic Lipid and Decreases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of high fructose corn syrup on liver injury and glucose metabolism: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Weight loss in MASLD restores the balance of liver fatty acid sources.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Trial
- Effects of Oral Xylitol, Sucrose, and Acesulfame Potassium on Total Energy Intake During a SubsequentNutrients · 2025Trial
- The Role of D-allulose and Erythritol on the Activity of the Gut Sweet Taste Receptor and Gastrointestinal Satiation Hormone Release in Humans: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2022Trial
- Narrative Review: Sugar and Rice and the Diabetes Epidemic in India-A Historical Context.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Fructose: metabolic signal and modern hazard.Nature metabolism · 2026Review
- Associations of Fructose Consumption with Prevalence and Incidence of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease-The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Beyond Sugar: A Holistic Review of Sweeteners and Their Role in Modern Nutrition.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Excess Fructose Intake Activates Hyperinsulinemia and Mitogenic MAPK Pathways in Association With Cellular Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in the Pancreas of Rats.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- Bergamot Leaf Extract as an Agent Against Chronic Liver Diseases? In Vitro and In Vivo Findings on Oxidative Stress Modulation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The role of adipose tissue dysfunction in hepatic insulin resistance and T2D.The Journal of endocrinology · 2024Review
- Lipidomic Analysis of Liver and Adipose Tissue in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mice Model Reveals Alterations in Lipid Metabolism by Weight Loss and Aerobic Exercise.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Metabolic Effects of Selected Conventional and Alternative Sweeteners: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- The function, mechanisms, and clinical applications of metformin: potential drug, unlimited potentials.Archives of pharmacal research · 2023Review
- Erythritol: An In-Depth Discussion of Its Potential to Be a Beneficial Dietary Component.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Investigation of fructose consumption on hippocampal insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors, and metabolic effects in rats.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2023Article
- Ethnic disparities attributed to the manifestation in and response to type 2 diabetes: insights from metabolomics.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextStudies in rodents and humans suggest that high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)-sweetened diets promote greater metabolic dysfunction than sucrose-sweetened diets.
objectiveTo compare the effects of consuming sucrose-sweetened beverage (SB), HFCS-SB, or a control beverage sweetened with aspartame on metabolic outcomes in humans.
methodsA parallel, double-blinded, NIH-funded study. Experimental procedures were conducted during 3.5 days of inpatient residence with controlled feeding at a research clinic before (baseline) and after a 12-day outpatient intervention period. Seventy-five adults (18-40 years) were assigned to beverage groups matched for sex, body mass index (18-35 kg/m2), and fasting triglyceride, lipoprotein and insulin concentrations. The intervention was 3 servings/day of sucrose- or HFCS-SB providing 25% of energy requirement or aspartame-SB, consumed for 16 days. Main outcome measures were %hepatic lipid, Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and Predicted M ISI.
resultsSucrose-SB increased %hepatic lipid (absolute change: 0.6 ± 0.2%) compared with aspartame-SB (-0.2 ± 0.2%, P < 0.05) and compared with baseline (P < 0.001). HFCS-SB increased %hepatic lipid compared with baseline (0.4 ± 0.2%, P < 0.05). Compared with aspartame-SB, Matsuda ISI decreased after consumption of HFCS- (P < 0.01) and sucrose-SB (P < 0.01), and Predicted M ISI decreased after consumption of HFCS-SB (P < 0.05). Sucrose- and HFCS-SB increased plasma concentrations of lipids, lipoproteins, and uric acid compared with aspartame-SB. No outcomes were differentially affected by sucrose- compared with HFCS-SB. Beverage group effects remained significant when analyses were adjusted for changes in body weight.
conclusionConsumption of both sucrose- and HFCS-SB induced detrimental changes in hepatic lipid, insulin sensitivity, and circulating lipids, lipoproteins and uric acid in 2 weeks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.