Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34263254›Full record

ArticleJournal of cancer immunology2021

Immunogenic Cell Death: A Step Ahead of Autophagy in Cancer Therapy.

Gourab Gupta, Kristina Borglum, Hexin Chen

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cancer immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Intermittent fasting enhances cancer therapyWorld journal of clinical oncology · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. CanPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Autophagy and cancer therapy.Cancer letters · 2024
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Nanotechnology Applications in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gourab GuptaDepartment of Biological Science, Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Kristina BorglumDepartment of Biological Science, Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Hexin ChenDepartment of Biological Science, Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
University of South Carolina · US

Funding

Nanoparticle delivered miR-489 rejuvenates anthracycline-based chemotherapyR21CA252360 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI CHEN, HEXIN, XU, PEISHENG · 2020 to 2021
$397k
NCI NIH HHS R21 CA252360
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) plays a major role in providing long lasting protective antitumor immunity by the chronic exposure of damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). DAMPs are essential for attracting immunogenic cells to the TME, maturation of DCs, and proper presentation of tumor antigens to the T cells so they can kill more cancer cells. Thus for the proper release of DAMPs, a controlled mechanism of cell death is necessary. Drug induced tumor cell killing occurs by apoptosis, wherein autophagy may act as a shield protecting the tumor cells and sometimes providing multi-drug resistance to chemotherapeutics. However, autophagy is required for the release of ATP as it remains one of the key DAMPs for the induction of ICD. In this review, we discuss the intricate balance between autophagy and apoptosis and the various strategies that we can apply to make these immunologically silent processes immunogenic. There are several steps of autophagy and apoptosis that can be regulated to generate an immune response. The genes involved in the processes can be regulated by drugs or inhibitors to amplify the effects of ICD and therefore serve as potential therapeutic targets.

Indexed as

ApoptosisATPAutophagyCaspaseImmunogenic cell deathMulti-drug resistance

Identifiers

PMID34263254
PMCPMC8276988
OpenAlexW3141237317

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.