ArticleGlobal pediatric health2021
Determinants of Long Immunization Clinic Wait Times in a Sub-Saharan African Country.
Article in Global pediatric health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Content and Factors Influencing Health Education in Immunisation Clinics in Nigeria.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Factors associated with uptake of second year of life vaccines among children 24-35 months in Western Region One, The Gambia.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Understanding vaccination gaps in Peru: a convergent cross-sectional analysis of coverage, parental perceptions, and child mortality data in Sunampe.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Looped Audiovisual Health Education Talk Reduces Vaccine Clinic Wait Time in Nigeria.Child: care, health and development · 2025Article
- Challenges and enablers in measles vaccination implementation in Ethiopia: Insights from a qualitative study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The wait time clients spend during immunization clinic visits in low- and middle-income countries is a not well-understood reported barrier to vaccine completion. We used a prospective, observational design to document the total time from client arrival-to-discharge and all sequential provider-client activities in 1 urban, semi-urban, and rural immunization clinic in Nigeria. We also conducted caregiver and provider focus group discussions to identify perceived determinants of long clinic wait times. Our findings show that the time from arrival-to-discharge varied significantly by the clinic and ranged between 57 and 235 minutes, as did arrival-to-all providers-client activities. Focus group data attributed workflow delays to clinic staff waiting for a critical mass of clients to arrive for their immunization appointment before starting the essential health education talk or opening specific vaccine vials. Additionally, respondents indicated that complex documentation processes caused system delays. Research on clinic workflow transformation and simplification of immunization documentation is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.