ReviewOrthopaedic journal of sports medicine2021
The Utility of Continuous Passive Motion After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Comparative Studies.
Review in Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional proprioceptive stimulation promotes early rehabilitation following ACL reconstruction: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Article
- To Manipulate or Not? Management of Pediatric Knee Arthrofibrosis Following Operative Fixation of Tibial Spine Fractures.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2024Article
- Trends in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Techniques and Postoperative Care Among Leaders in the Field: A Survey of the Herodicus Society.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2024Article
- Research progress of knee fibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Physiotherapeutic Strategies and Their Current Evidence for Canine Osteoarthritis.Veterinary sciences · 2022Review
- Low-level laser therapy attenuates arthrogenic contracture induced by anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery in rats.Physiological research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe application of continuous passive motion (CPM) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) was popularized in the 1990s, but advancements in the understanding of ACLR rehabilitation have made the application of CPM controversial. Many sports medicine fellowship-trained surgeons report using CPM machines postoperatively. PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of CPM use for recovery after ACLR with respect to knee range of motion (ROM), knee swelling, postoperative pain, and postoperative complications. STUDY
designSystematic review; Level of evidence, 3.
methodsThe PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Cochrane, Cumulative Index of Nursing, and Allied Health Literature databases were searched from inception to January 1, 2020, for studies with evidence levels 1 to 3 on the use of CPM for ACLR rehabilitation. Included studies were those that comparatively evaluated postoperative outcomes after ACLR between at least 2 groups of patients, with 1 having received CPM rehabilitation and the other not having received CPM.
resultsA total of 12 studies from 1989 to 2019 met the inclusion criteria. These studies included 808 patients who underwent ACLR. There was no evidence of CPM improving knee stability, final postoperative ROM, or subjective pain scores. Additionally, CPM did not lead to decreased muscle atrophy or improved International Knee Documentation Committee scores. Regarding pain medication intake during postoperative hospitalization, 2 studies found that the CPM group used less pain medication, 1 study found the CPM group used more pain medication, and 1 study found that there was no difference between the 2 groups. Complications varied widely, with 2 of 12 studies reporting complications that required a return to the operating room.
conclusionA clinical benefit of postoperative CPM use after ACLR was not identified in this review. While our systematic review identified a number of studies that suggest CPM use may be associated with lower usage of pain medication in hospitalized patients, this cannot be confirmed without further investigation with standardized CPM protocols and larger sample sizes. Routine CPM use after ACLR was not supported by this systematic review.
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