SynthesisBMJ open2021
Respiratory-associated deaths in people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-adult attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder and later adverse health outcomes: the 1987 Finnish birth cohort study.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Emphasising Learning in Health Promotion Targeting Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- Mortality Among Youth and Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Intellectual Disability, or Cerebral Palsy.JAMA pediatrics · 2026Article
- Health inequalities among people with disabilities: an umbrella review and evidence synthesis.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Review
- Forensic Autopsy in a Long-Term Survivor of Abusive Head Trauma: An Unusual Case Report.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Barriers and Enablers of Delivering Asthma Self-Management to Those With Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2025Article
- Community-Sourced Reporting of Mortalities in Angelman Syndrome (1979-2022).American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2025Article
- Swimming exercise support respiratory functions of children with mild intellectual disabilities: controlled study.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- The impact of comorbid psychiatric disorders on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) hospitalizations: a nationwide retrospective study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Observational
- Stakeholder perspectives of immunisation delivery for adolescents with disability in specialist schools in Victoria, Australia: 'we need a vaccination pathway'.BMC public health · 2024Article
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- Long-COVID in people with intellectual disabilities: A call for research of a neglected area.British journal of learning disabilities · 2022Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo review and synthesise evidence on rates of respiratory-associated deaths and associated risk factors in the intellectual disability population.
designSystematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Embase, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science (all databases including Medline) and PsychINFO were searched for studies published between 1st January 1985 and 27th April 2020 and examined study and outcome quality. Reference lists and Google Scholar were also hand searched.
resultsWe identified 2295 studies, 17 were included in the narrative synthesis and 10 studies (11 cohorts) in the meta-analysis. Data from 90 302 people with intellectual disabilities and 13 808 deaths from all causes in people with intellectual disabilities were extracted. Significantly higher rates of respiratory-associated deaths were found among people with intellectual disabilities (standardised mortality ratio(SMR): 10.86 (95% CI: 5.32 to 22.18, p<0.001) compared with those in the general population, lesser rates for adults with ID (SMR: 6.53 (95% CI: 4.29 to 9.96, p<0.001); and relatively high rates from pneumonia 26.65 (95% CI: 5.63 to 126.24, p<0.001). The overall statistical heterogeneity was I
conclusionPremature deaths due to respiratory disorders are potentially avoidable with improved public health initiatives and equitable access to quality healthcare. Further research should focus on developing prognostic guidance and validated tools for clinical practice to mitigate risks of respiratory-associated deaths. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020180479.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.