ArticleMalaria journal2021
Determination of the discriminating concentration of chlorfenapyr (pyrrole) and Anopheles gambiae sensu lato susceptibility testing in preparation for distribution of Interceptor® G2 insecticide-treated nets.
Article in Malaria journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid nets for pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors: efficacy, resistance risks, and policy implications.Global health action · 2026Pooled it
- The Ifakara Ambient Chamber Test (I-ACT) for Evaluation of Indoor Residual Sprays: A Non-Inferiority Test of SylandoInsects · 2026Article
- The epidemiological benefit of pyrethroid-pyrrole insecticide treated nets against malaria: an individual-based malaria transmission dynamics modelling study.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Article
- Efficacy of PermaNetMalaria journal · 2024Article
- Substrate promiscuity of key resistance P450s confers clothianidin resistance while increasing chlorfenapyr potency in malaria vectors.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Can neonicotinoid and pyrrole insecticides manage malaria vector resistance in high pyrethroid resistance areas in Côte d'Ivoire?Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Bio-efficacy of OlysetTropical medicine and health · 2024Article
- Article
- Sub-lethal exposure to chlorfenapyr reduces the probability of developing Plasmodium falciparum parasites in surviving Anopheles mosquitoes.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Small-scale field evaluation of PermaNetMalaria journal · 2023Article
- A new WHO bottle bioassay method to assess the susceptibility of mosquito vectors to public health insecticides: results from a WHO-coordinated multi-centre study.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Comparison of the variability in mortality data generated by CDC bottle bioassay, WHO tube test, and topical application bioassay using Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Comparative study of the effect of solvents on the efficacy of neonicotinoid insecticides against malaria vector populations across Africa.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Article
- Investigating molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.Malaria journal · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
27 authors at 11 institutions in 10 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFollowing agricultural use and large-scale distribution of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), malaria vector resistance to pyrethroids is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa. Interceptor® G2 is a new dual active ingredient (AI) ITN treated with alpha-cypermethrin and chlorfenapyr for the control of pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors. In anticipation of these new nets being more widely distributed, testing was conducted to develop a chlorfenapyr susceptibility bioassay protocol and gather susceptibility information.
methodsBottle bioassay tests were conducted using five concentrations of chlorfenapyr at 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg AI/bottle in 10 countries in sub-Saharan Africa using 13,639 wild-collected Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) (56 vector populations per dose) and 4,494 pyrethroid-susceptible insectary mosquitoes from 8 colonized strains. In parallel, susceptibility tests were conducted using a provisional discriminating concentration of 100 µg AI/bottle in 16 countries using 23,422 wild-collected, pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.l. (259 vector populations). Exposure time was 60 min, with mortality recorded at 24, 48 and 72 h after exposure.
resultsMedian mortality rates (up to 72 h after exposure) of insectary colony mosquitoes was 100% at all five concentrations tested, but the lowest dose to kill all mosquitoes tested was 50 µg AI/bottle. The median 72-h mortality of wild An. gambiae s.l. in 10 countries was 71.5, 90.5, 96.5, 100, and 100% at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg AI/bottle, respectively. Log-probit analysis of the five concentrations tested determined that the LC
conclusionsThis study determined that 100 or 200 µg AI/bottle chlorfenapyr in bottle bioassays are suitable discriminating concentrations for monitoring susceptibility of wild An. gambiae s.l., using mortality recorded up to 72 h. Testing in 16 countries in sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated vector susceptibility to chlorfenapyr, including mosquitoes with multiple resistance mechanisms to pyrethroids.
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