ArticleBMC ophthalmology2021
Prevalence and factors associated with ocular morbidity among prisoners of Luzira prison (Uganda).
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of overweight and obesity in incarcerated individuals in developed and developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Pooled it
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Establishing the Profile of Eye Diseases at Nkhatabay District Hospital, Malawi: A Retrospective Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence of eye diseases among prison inmates in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Association of vision impairment and hearing impairment with encounters in the criminal justice system among children and young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of eye and adnexal disorders among elderly inmates in Taiwan prisons.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGlobally, ocular morbidity has emerged as a major public concern with at least 2.2 billion people having vision impairment or blindness. Prisoners (inmates) tend to have limited access to health care especially eye health, and as a result some conditions may go undiagnosed or mismanaged. With the increasing prison population in Uganda and in the face of limited facilities, little is known about the prevalence and factors associated with ocular morbidity amongst inmates of Luzira prison.
methodThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on inmates of Luzira prison. The study included both male (334) and female (33) inmates using the proportionate stratified random sampling. Data on social demographic characteristics, medical, imprisonment factors and ocular assessment was collected using a questionnaire. All complete data was entered using an Epidata version 3.1 entry template, and logistic regression was used to determine associated factors.
resultsOverall, a total of 367 inmates were examined consisting of 334 (91%) males and 33(8.9%) females. The male-to-female ratio was 10:1 with ages ranging from 18 to 76 years. The mean age being 39 years (SD + 13.4) and the overall ocular morbidity was found to be 49%. The most common ocular morbidity included; presbyopia (27.4%), allergic conjunctivitis (19.6%) and cataracts (11.4%). Other disorders included; refractive errors, pterygia, optic atrophy and vitamin A deficiency. There was a statistically significant relationship between ocular morbidity and age (OR 11.96, CI 0.85-2.74), trauma (OR 5.21, CI 1.52-17.87), non-prison food (OR 0.45, CI 0.26-0.79).
conclusionThe prevalence of ocular morbidity among inmates was found to be high and significantly associated with age, trauma and having meals besides prison food. A fully functional eye unit established within the prison, and timely referral of complicated cases would help in offering quality eye services to the inmates.
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