Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34260835›Full record

ArticleThe New England journal of medicine2021

Neuroprosthesis for Decoding Speech in a Paralyzed Person with Anarthria.

David A Moses, Sean L Metzger, Jessie R Liu, Gopala K Anumanchipalli, Joseph G Makin, Pengfei F Sun, Josh Chartier, Maximilian E Dougherty, Patricia M Liu, Gary M Abrams and 3 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The New England journal of medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03698149 (A High-Performance ECoG-based Neural Interface for Communication and Neuroprosthetic Control), which is not on this map. Cited by 210 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
210citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
45.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03698149 narecruitingnot on this map

A High-Performance ECoG-based Neural Interface for Communication and Neuroprosthetic Control

TypeinterventionalSponsorKarunesh GangulyRan2018 to 2030Enrolled3ConditionsALS, SCI - Spinal Cord Injury, Stroke, Multiple SclerosisArmsPMT/Blackrock Combination Device
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

210 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 549 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. In conversation with Edward Chang.Nature neuroscience · 2026
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  11. Temporally structured motor and auditory representations in covert syllable production.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  14. Review
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150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

David A MosesFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).ORCID 0000-0002-5786-5334
Sean L MetzgerFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Jessie R LiuFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Gopala K AnumanchipalliFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Joseph G MakinFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Pengfei F SunFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).ORCID 0000-0002-4101-9416
Josh ChartierFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Maximilian E DoughertyFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Patricia M LiuFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Gary M AbramsFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Adelyn Tu-ChanFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Karunesh GangulyFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
Edward F ChangFrom the Department of Neurological Surgery (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., M.E.D., E.F.C.), the Weill Institute for Neuroscience (D.A.M., S.L.M., J.R.L., G.K.A., J.G.M., P.F.S., J.C., K.G., E.F.C.), and the Departments of Rehabilitation Services (P.M.L.) and Neurology (G.M.A., A.T.-C., K.G.), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, and the Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley-UCSF, Berkeley (S.L.M., J.R.L., E.F.C.).
MACOM (United States) · US

Funding

A Pilot Clinical Trial for Speech NeuroprosthesisU01DC018671 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHANG, EDWARD · 2021 to 2025
$5.6M
Facebook Sponsored Academic Research AgreementNIDCD NIH HHS U01 DC018671NIH HHS U01 NS098971-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTechnology to restore the ability to communicate in paralyzed persons who cannot speak has the potential to improve autonomy and quality of life. An approach that decodes words and sentences directly from the cerebral cortical activity of such patients may represent an advancement over existing methods for assisted communication.

methodsWe implanted a subdural, high-density, multielectrode array over the area of the sensorimotor cortex that controls speech in a person with anarthria (the loss of the ability to articulate speech) and spastic quadriparesis caused by a brain-stem stroke. Over the course of 48 sessions, we recorded 22 hours of cortical activity while the participant attempted to say individual words from a vocabulary set of 50 words. We used deep-learning algorithms to create computational models for the detection and classification of words from patterns in the recorded cortical activity. We applied these computational models, as well as a natural-language model that yielded next-word probabilities given the preceding words in a sequence, to decode full sentences as the participant attempted to say them.

resultsWe decoded sentences from the participant's cortical activity in real time at a median rate of 15.2 words per minute, with a median word error rate of 25.6%. In post hoc analyses, we detected 98% of the attempts by the participant to produce individual words, and we classified words with 47.1% accuracy using cortical signals that were stable throughout the 81-week study period.

conclusionsIn a person with anarthria and spastic quadriparesis caused by a brain-stem stroke, words and sentences were decoded directly from cortical activity during attempted speech with the use of deep-learning models and a natural-language model. (Funded by Facebook and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03698149.).

Indexed as

Brain-Computer InterfacesDeep LearningNeural ProsthesesSpeechAdultBrain Stem InfarctionsDysarthriaElectrocorticographyElectrodes, ImplantedHumansMaleNatural Language ProcessingQuadriplegiaSensorimotor Cortex

Identifiers

PMID34260835
PMCPMC8972947
OpenAlexW3180220247

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.