SynthesisMedicine2021
Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus monotherapy versus cyclophosphamide-corticosteroid combination therapy for idiopathic membranous nephropathy: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of low or heavy rituximab‑based protocols and comparison with seven regimens in idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2023Pooled it
- Identification of early predictors of clinical remission in primary membranous nephropathy: aClinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Efficacy of tacrolimus monotherapy in primary membranous nephropathy.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2024Article
- Novel Treatments Paradigms: Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2023Review
- Idiopathic membranous nephropathy in children: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (TAC) monotherapy versus cyclophosphamide (CTX)-corticosteroid combination therapy in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) patients.
methodsDatabases including the PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases were searched from inception to October 20, 2020. Eligible studies comparing TAC monotherapy and CTX-corticosteroid combination therapy in IMN patients were included. Data were analyzed using Review Manager Version 5.3.
resultsNine studies were included in the meta-analysis. One randomized controlled trial and eight cohort studies involving 442 patients were identified. Compared with CTX-corticosteroid combination therapy for IMN, TAC monotherapy had higher complete remission (CR) at month 6 (odds ratio [OR] 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35-3.50, P < .01). The 2 therapeutic regimens had similar partial remission (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.45-1.04, P = .08), total remission (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.85-2.23, P = 0.19) at month 6, and similar CR (OR 1.64, 95% CI 0.84-3.19, P = .15), partial remission (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.37-1.38, P = 0.31), and total remission (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.55-3.01, P = .56) after 1 year. The relapse rate of the TAC group was higher than that of the CTX group, but the difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.85, 95% CI 0.75-4.53, P = .18). There was no difference between the 2 therapeutic regimens concerning glucose intolerance (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.61-2.14, P = .67), acute renal failure (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.39-3.33, P = .81), or tremors (OR 4.39, 95% CI 0.75-25.67, P = .10). Incidences of gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.10-0.79, P = .02), infection (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.08-0.39, P < 0.01), leukopenia (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.04-0.51, P < .01), and abnormal aminotransferase (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.13-0.77, P = .01) in the TAC group were all lower than those in the CTX group. Subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the TAC group and the CTX combined with corticosteroid 0.8 to 1 mg/kg/day group concerning CR at month 6 (P > .05). There was no significant difference between the TAC group and the CTX combined with corticosteroid 0.5 mg/kg/day group concerning abnormal aminotransferase (P > .05).
conclusionTAC monotherapy is comparable to CTX-corticosteroid combination therapy for renal remission in IMN patients. TAC monotherapy had a higher CR in the early stage and had fewer drug-related adverse effects. The relapse rate of TAC monotherapy was higher than that of CTX-corticosteroid combination therapy, but the difference was not significant.
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