Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34259818›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2021

Canonical Wnt Signaling Drives Myopia Development and Can Be Pharmacologically Modulated.

Zhen Liu, Yanghui Xiu, Fangfang Qiu, Zhenzhen Zhu, Rongrong Zong, Xiangtian Zhou, Jianhong An, Qiongsi Wang, Peter S Reinach, Wei Li and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Decreased scleral Wnt5aNature communications · 2025
    Article
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  9. Insights into Myopia from Mouse Models.Annual review of vision science · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Zhen LiuEye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Yanghui XiuEye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Fangfang QiuCenter for Translational Ocular Immunology, Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Zhenzhen ZhuEye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Rongrong ZongEye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Xiangtian ZhouSchool of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Jianhong AnSchool of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Qiongsi WangSchool of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Peter S ReinachSchool of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Wei LiEye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Wensheng ChenEye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Zuguo LiuEye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Xiamen University · CNAffiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College · CNWenzhou Medical University · CNTufts Medical Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the canonical Wnt signaling in the development of the myopia. Methods: Plasma from adult patients with myopia, myopic animal models including the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutation mouse model, and the form deprivation (FD) induced mouse model of myopia were used. Niclosamide, a canonical Wnt pathway inhibitor, was orally administrated in animal models. Plasma levels of DKK-1 were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Refraction, vitreous chamber depth (VCD), axial length (AL), and other parameters, were measured at the end of the FD treatment. Canonical Wnt signaling changes were evaluated by Western blot analysis and immunostaining analysis. Results: Plasma level of Wnt inhibitor DKK-1 was markedly decreased in patients with myopia. Meanwhile, the canonical Wnt pathway was progressively activated during myopia development in mice. Moreover, inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling by niclosamide in mouse models markedly reduced lens thickness (LT), VCD, and AL elongation, resulting in myopia inhibition. Conclusions: Dysregulation of canonical Wnt signaling is a characteristic of myopia and targeting Wnt signaling pathways has potential as a therapeutic strategy for myopia.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAnimalsAnterior Eye SegmentBiomarkersDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMyopiaPosterior Eye SegmentRefraction, OcularSensory DeprivationBiomarkersDKK1 protein, humanIntercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins

Identifiers

PMID34259818
PMCPMC8288060
OpenAlexW3180432493

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.