ArticleBundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz2021
[Healthcare expenditure and the impact of age: a detailed analysis for survivors and decedents].
Article in Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of outpatient palliative care on healthcare costs in Germany - an analysis of cancer and non-cancer patients based on health insurance data.Health economics review · 2025Article
- Dying to pay: end-of-life medical costs for middle-aged and older adult patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- [A regional comparison of outcomes quality and costs of general and specialized palliative care in Germany: a claims data analysis].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2023Observational
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Year Prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Potential Overutilization of Healthcare Resources.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGermany faces various socio-political challenges due to its ongoing ageing population. Significant increases in social security contributions are widely expected. The impact of ageing on healthcare expenditure is a controversial issue. Experts agree that costs for end-of-life care account for a significant part of total healthcare expenditures. For a meaningful forecast, detailed information on healthcare costs differentiated by survivors and decedents is necessary. Extensive data are hardly available for Germany. The aim of the analysis was therefore to describe healthcare costs in the statutory health insurance.
methodsThe basis for the calculation is billing data from the statutory health insurance "AOK Niedersachsen" (Lower Saxony). Persons who survived or died in 2017 were included in the analysis. Average costs were standardised.
resultsThe data of 2.46 million survivors and 34,307 decedents were analysed. The average annual healthcare costs were 2756 € for survivors and 21,830 € for decedents in the last year of life. The average healthcare costs for survivors increase with age whereas costs for decedents are highest in younger age groups and decline with increasing age. A detailed analysis of end-of-life costs shows an exponential increase of costs in the last three years of life with the highest costs in the quarter before death (10,577 €). DISCUSSION: The analysis gives a detailed overview on the structure of healthcare expenditure in the statutory health insurance and can serve as a basis for future forecasts regarding healthcare expenditure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.