ArticleBMC cancer2021
Prospective correlation between the patient microbiome with response to and development of immune-mediated adverse effects to immunotherapy in lung cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03688347 (The Role of Microbiome in Lung Cancer and Other Malignancies), which is not on this map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Role of Microbiome in Lung Cancer and Other Malignancies
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions Targeting the Gut Microbiome to Improve Cancer Treatment Outcomes and Their Gastrointestinal Side Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- The composition alteration of gut microbiota in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of Family Participatory Nursing Model Based on WeChat Platform on Psychological Elasticity and Quality of Life of Patients with Lung Cancer.BioMed research international · 2022Trial
- Microbial engraftment and immune regulation during fecal microbiota transplantation and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Microbial Influence on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Non-Small Cell Carcinoma: The Gut-Lung-Immune Axis.Cancers · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of the lung microbiota in patients with lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and community-acquired pneumonia.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Harnessing the Gut Microbiota to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on Lung Cancer.Immune network · 2026Review
- Factors Affecting the Efficacy and Safety of First-Line Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Oncology research · 2026Article
- Omics-based biomarkers of immune-related organ toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a scoping review and evidence map.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota shapes cancer immunotherapy responses.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Review
- Gut commensal Bifidobacterium-derived extracellular vesicles modulate the therapeutic effects of anti-PD-1 in lung cancer.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Atherosclerosis and the Bidirectional Relationship Between Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: From Bench to Bedside, Part 2 Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Complete remission in PD-L1 high expression advanced gastric cancer patient with PD-L1 immunotherapy and chemotherapy integration treatment strategy: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Recent advances in biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Leveraging beneficial microbiome-immune interactions via probiotic use in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Functional regulation of cytotoxic T cells by gut microbial metabolites.Gut microbes reports · 2025Article
- Respiratory microbiome-host interaction on lung carcinogenesis, immunity, and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota-Tumor Microenvironment Interactions: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Efficacy in Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2025Review
- Prediction, prevention, and precision treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor neurological toxicity using autoantibodies, cytokines, and microbiota.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Correlation between gut microbiota and their metabolites and the efficacy of chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThough the gut microbiome has been associated with efficacy of immunotherapy (ICI) in certain cancers, similar findings have not been identified for microbiomes from other body sites and their correlation to treatment response and immune related adverse events (irAEs) in lung cancer (LC) patients receiving ICIs.
methodsWe designed a prospective cohort study conducted from 2018 to 2020 at a single-center academic institution to assess for correlations between the microbiome in various body sites with treatment response and development of irAEs in LC patients treated with ICIs. Patients must have had measurable disease, ECOG 0-2, and good organ function to be included. Data was collected for analysis from January 2019 to October 2020. Patients with histopathologically confirmed, advanced/metastatic LC planned to undergo immunotherapy-based treatment were enrolled between September 2018 and June 2019. Nasal, buccal and gut microbiome samples were obtained prior to initiation of immunotherapy +/- chemotherapy, at development of adverse events (irAEs), and at improvement of irAEs to grade 1 or less.
resultsThirty-seven patients were enrolled, and 34 patients were evaluable for this report. 32 healthy controls (HC) from the same geographic region were included to compare baseline gut microbiota. Compared to HC, LC gut microbiota exhibited significantly lower α-diversity. The gut microbiome of patients who did not suffer irAEs were found to have relative enrichment of Bifidobacterium (p = 0.001) and Desulfovibrio (p = 0.0002). Responders to combined chemoimmunotherapy exhibited increased Clostridiales (p = 0.018) but reduced Rikenellaceae (p = 0.016). In responders to chemoimmunotherapy we also observed enrichment of Finegoldia in nasal microbiome, and increased Megasphaera but reduced Actinobacillus in buccal samples. Longitudinal samples exhibited a trend of α-diversity and certain microbial changes during the development and resolution of irAEs.
conclusionsThis pilot study identifies significant differences in the gut microbiome between HC and LC patients, and their correlation to treatment response and irAEs in LC. In addition, it suggests potential predictive utility in nasal and buccal microbiomes, warranting further validation with a larger cohort and mechanistic dissection using preclinical models.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03688347 . Retrospectively registered 09/28/2018.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.