ArticleEnvironment international2021
Intake of fruits and vegetables by pesticide residue status in relation to cancer risk.
Article in Environment international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary pesticide exposure and non-communicable diseases and mortality: a systematic review of prospective studies among adults.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Pooled it
- Sustainable Diets and Cancer: a Systematic Review.Current nutrition reports · 2022Pooled it
- Research Trends on Pesticide Exposure and Cancer Development: A Global Literature Review (2005-2024).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- Diet, fruit and vegetables and One Health: benefits for health, environment, society and the consumer-proceedings of the 9th edition of EGEA conference.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Associations of Pesticide Residue Exposure from Fruit and Vegetable Intake with Ovarian Reserve.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Evaluating recommendation-based dietary and physical activity strategies for prostate cancer prevention: a target trial emulation in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Household and Commercial Washing Agents in Removing the Pesticide Thiabendazole Residues from Fruits.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exposure to pesticides in Chile and its relationship with carcinogenic potential: a review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- The Influence of Environmental Exposure to Xenoestrogens on the Risk of Cancer Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Flavonoid intake and risk of Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2024Article
- Exposures to pesticides and risk of cancer: Evaluation of recent epidemiological evidence in humans and paths forward.International journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Microgreens-A Comprehensive Review of Bioactive Molecules and Health Benefits.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Effects of Household Processing on Residues of the Chiral Fungicide Mandipropamid in Four Common Vegetables.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Intake of fruits and vegetables according to pesticide residue status in relation to all-cause and disease-specific mortality: Results from three prospective cohort studies.Environment international · 2022Article
- Pesticide Residues in Commonly Consumed Vegetables in Henan Province of China in 2020.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Endocrine Disruptors-'Food' for Thought.Proceedings of the Zoological Society · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundConventionally grown fruits and vegetables (FVs) are the main source of general population exposure to pesticide residues.
objectiveTo evaluate the relation of intake of high- and low-pesticide-residue FVs with cancer risk.
methodsWe followed 150,830 women (Nurses' Health Study, 1998-2016, and Nurses' Health Study II, 1999-2017) and 29,486 men (Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 1998-2016) without a history of cancer. We ascertained FV intake via validated food frequency questionnaires and categorized FVs as having high or low pesticide residue levels based on USDA surveillance data. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of total and site-specific cancer related to quintiles of high- and low-pesticide-residue FV intake.
resultsWe documented 23,678 incident cancer cases during 2,862,118 person-years of follow-up. In the pooled multivariable analysis, neither high- nor low-pesticide-residue FV intake was associated with cancer. The HRs (95% CI) per 1 serving/day increase in intake were 0.99 (0.97-1.01) for high- and 1.01 (0.99-1.02) for low-pesticide-residue FVs. Additionally, we found no association between high-pesticide-residue FV intake and risk of specific sites, including malignancies previously linked to occupational pesticide exposure ([HR, 95% CI comparing extreme quintiles of intake] lung [1.17 (0.95-1.43)], non-Hodgkin lymphoma [0.89 (0.72-1.09)], prostate [1.31 (0.88-1.93)]) or inversely related to intake of organic foods (breasts [1.03 (0.94-1.31)]).
conclusionsThese findings suggest that overall exposure to pesticides through FV intake is not related to cancer risk, although they do not rule out associations with specific chemicals or sub-types of specific cancers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.