Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34256231›Full record

ArticleBiomaterials2021

Functionalized 3D-printed silk-hydroxyapatite scaffolds for enhanced bone regeneration with innervation and vascularization.

Vincent Fitzpatrick, Zaira Martín-Moldes, Anna Deck, Ruben Torres-Sanchez, Anne Valat, Dana Cairns, Chunmei Li, David L Kaplan

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomaterials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
12.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 207 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Research Progress in Medical Biomaterials for Bone Infections.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025
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  17. Recapitulation ofJournal of orthopaedic translation · 2025
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26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Vincent FitzpatrickDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Zaira Martín-MoldesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Anna DeckDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Ruben Torres-SanchezDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Anne ValatDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Dana CairnsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Chunmei LiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
David L KaplanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA. Electronic address: david.kaplan@tufts.edu.
Tufts University · US

Funding

Tissue Engineering Resource Center: TTDP41EB027062 · NIBIB · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic · 2019 to 2026
$12.6M
Degradable orthopedic hardwareR01AR068048 · NIAMS · TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD · PI KAPLAN, DAVID L., LIN, SAMUEL J · 2015 to 2020
$2.0M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR068048NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB027062
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Our goal was to generate functionalized 3D-printed scaffolds for bone regeneration using silk-hydroxyapatite bone cements and osteoinductive, proangiogenic and neurotrophic growth factors or morphogens for accelerated bone formation. 3D printing was utilized to generate macroporous scaffolds with controlled geometries and architectures that promote osseointegration. We build on the knowledge that the osteoinductive factor Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP2) can also positively impact vascularization, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) can impact osteoblastic differentiation, and that Neural Growth Factor (NGF)-mediated signaling can influence bone regeneration. We assessed functions on the 3D printed construct via the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells; migration and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells; and proliferation of human induced neural stem cells. The scaffolds provided mechanical properties suitable for bone and the materials were cytocompatible, osteoconductive and maintained the activity of the morphogens and cytokines. Synergistic outcomes between BMP-2, VEGF and NGF in terms of osteoblastic differentiation in vitro were identified, based on the upregulation of genes associated with osteoblastic differentiation (Runt-related transcription factor-2, Osteopontin, Bone Sialoprotein). Additional studies will be required to assess these scaffold designs in vivo. These results are expected to have a strong impact in bone regeneration in dental, oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Indexed as

DurapatiteOsteogenesisBone RegenerationHumansHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsPrinting, Three-DimensionalSilkTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsVascular Endothelial Growth Factor ADurapatiteSilkVascular Endothelial Growth Factor A3D printingBone regenerationInnervationSilkTissue engineeringVascularization

Identifiers

PMID34256231
PMCPMC8408341
OpenAlexW3179684154

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.