ArticleAge and ageing2021
Total cost of care increases significantly from early to mild Alzheimer's disease: 5-year ALSOVA follow-up.
Article in Age and ageing, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Costs of Dementia in Europe: An Updated Review and Meta-analysis.PharmacoEconomics · 2023Pooled it
- Gender differences in informal caregiving costs and burden in Alzheimer disease: a multinational cross-sectional analysis.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The Annual Incidence of Vascular Dementia and Other Dementias: A Population-Based Study in Eastern Finland.Neuroepidemiology · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell application in Alzheimer's disease.Regenerative therapy · 2025Review
- Formal and Informal Care Utilization in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses of RUD-Lite Data from the Tauriel Study.Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders · 2025Article
- Alzheimer's Disease in Illinois: Analyzing Disparities and Projected Trends.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Global Societal Burden of Alzheimer's Disease by Severity: a Targeted Literature Review.Neurology and therapy · 2025Review
- Association between the DASH diet and Alzheimer's disease in a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neuroinflammation Markers in Tear Fluid of Mild Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Annual societal cost of Alzheimer's disease in Malaysia: a micro-costing approach.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Association of dementia diagnosis, cognitive impairment levels, and their combination with care costs among publicly funded long-term care recipients.Innovation in aging · 2025Article
- Direct healthcare expenditure on Alzheimer's disease from healthcare providers' perspective in Malaysia: a micro-costing approach.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Validity of the Finnish Care Register for Social Welfare in a nationwide cohort of people with Alzheimer's disease.Scandinavian journal of public health · 2024Article
- Potential Impact of Slowing Disease Progression in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease on Patient Quality of Life, Caregiver Time, and Total Societal Costs: Estimates Based on Findings from GERAS-US Study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Article
- Adult-Onset Neuroepidemiology in Finland: Lessons to Learn and Work to Do.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Exploring the relationship between patient-relevant outcomes and Alzheimer's disease progression assessed using the clinical dementia rating scale: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Intelligent digital tools for screening of brain connectivity and dementia risk estimation in people affected by mild cognitive impairment: the AI-Mind clinical study protocol.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWe studied the costs of formal and informal care in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression.
methods231 persons with AD with a family caregiver were followed up for 5 years. The Clinical Dementia Rating Scale-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) was used to measure AD progression. Health and social care unit costs were used for formal care costs. An opportunity cost method for lost leisure time was applied to analyse the cost of informal care.
resultsTotal cost of care in early stage AD (CDR-SB ≤ 4) was 16,448€ (95% CI 13,722-19,716) annually. In mild (CDR-SB 4.5-9), moderate (CDR-SB 9.5-15.5) and severe (CDR-SB ≥ 16) AD, the total costs were 2.3, 3.4 and 4.4 times higher, respectively. A one-unit increase in CDR-SB increased the total, formal and informal costs by 15, 11 and 18%, respectively.
conclusionsCompared to early AD, the costs of total, formal and informal care are remarkably higher already in mild AD. This finding emphasises early diagnosis, interventions and family support for persons with AD and their caregivers.
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