SynthesisApplied health economics and health policy2021
The Sandbox Approach and its Potential for Use in Health Technology Assessment: A Literature Review.
Synthesis in Applied health economics and health policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Health technology assessment of tests for SARS-CoV-2 and treatments for COVID-19: A proposed approach and best-practice recommendations.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2023Pooled it
- Advancing Patient-Centred AI With Adaptive Machine Learning.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Rebalancing innovation, affordability, and access for orphan drugs in the European Union.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Review
- A regulatory sandbox for consumer health sensors in clinics.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- What Utah's clinical AI sandbox reveals about independent oversight.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Ethical Frameworks for Conducting Social Challenge Studies.Journal of empirical research on human research ethics : JERHRE · 2026Review
- Regulating the Irregular: Phage Therapy and the Case for a Regulatory Sandbox Approach in Australia.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2026Article
- The regulation of artificial intelligence in intensive care units: from narrow tools to generalist systems.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Review
- Innovating global regulatory frameworks for generative AI in medical devices is an urgent priority.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Review
- Polygenic risk scores: Navigating the future of precision medicine through economic, ethical, and scientific advancements.iScience · 2026Review
- Plying potency assays for immunotherapy of solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Three pillars for digital health assessment in LMICs: a mini review of technology benchmarking, digital health literacy, and social media listening.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Organizational Readiness for Change in the Era of Smart Hospital Wards: Qualitative Study of Health Care Workers' Insights.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- Digital Twins in Personalized Medicine: Bridging Innovation and Clinical Reality.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Regulating genome language models: navigating policy challenges at the intersection of AI and genetics.Human genetics · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle Therapeutics in Clinical Perspective: Classification, Marketed Products, and Regulatory Landscape.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- A roadmap for safe, regulation-compliant Living Labs for AI and digital health development.Science advances · 2025Review
- Achieving a rapid and continuous learning health system requires socio-technical harmonization of research and operational IT.npj health systems · 2025Review
- A human-centered perspective on research challenges for hybrid human artificial intelligence in lifestyle and behavior change support.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Practical Recommendations for Navigating Digital Tools in Hospitals: Qualitative Interview Study.JMIR medical education · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe concept of the regulatory sandbox-a safe space for testing new regulatory processes-was first used within the financial technologies (FinTech) sector, but has since expanded into other sectors, including healthcare.
objectivesThis review aims to describe the extent of use of sandboxes in healthcare and assess the potential for the sandbox approach to be used to test and develop emerging health technology assessment (HTA) methods, policies and processes for innovative technologies.
methodsA systematic literature review was undertaken to identify published papers and reports that described and/or assessed the use of sandboxes in the healthcare sector. Searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, Econlit, Social Policy and Practice, and Health Management Information Consortium databases from inception to March 2020. Free-text Google search was also conducted to identify relevant grey literature. Only papers and reports discussing or evaluating the use of sandboxes in healthcare settings and published in English were included. Included studies were qualitatively summarised using a thematic analysis approach.
resultsOverall, 46 papers and reports were included. The topics covered were classified into 4 major themes: history of the regulatory sandbox, the sandbox as a testing environment, the sandbox as a regulatory approach, examples of using sandboxes in healthcare. Findings show that the use of regulatory sandboxes in healthcare is relatively new and primarily used in high-income countries to support the adoption of new technologies, particularly those related to digital health. Recommendations are made based on these findings to guide its use in HTA policy and methods development.
conclusionsSandboxes are increasingly used within healthcare regulation. Despite its potential, this approach has not been used in HTA policy and methodological developments to date. HTA agencies should consider this approach to facilitate developing policies, methods and processes for innovative and disruptive health technologies. Transferability to low- and middle-income countries' settings, however, should be assessed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.