Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34253888›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2021

Contactless optical coherence tomography of the eyes of freestanding individuals with a robotic scanner.

Mark Draelos, Pablo Ortiz, Ruobing Qian, Christian Viehland, Ryan McNabb, Kris Hauser, Anthony N Kuo, Joseph A Izatt

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Mobile Robotic Optical Coherence Tomography System for Ophthalmic Imaging in Clinical Environments.... International Symposium on Medical Robotics. International Symposium on Medical Robotics · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. New Directions for Ophthalmic OCT - Handhelds, Surgery, and Robotics.Translational vision science & technology · 2025
    Review
  14. Robot Characters for Innovative Medical Eye Exams in Kids.DIS. Designing Interactive Systems (Conference) · 2025
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Active Motion Cancellation for Robotic Optical Coherence Tomography of Moving Eyes: A Nystagmus Phantom Study.... International Symposium on Medical Robotics. International Symposium on Medical Robotics · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mark DraelosDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. mark.draelos@duke.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5051-0880
Pablo OrtizDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Ruobing QianDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Christian ViehlandDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Ryan McNabbDepartment of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Kris HauserDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Anthony N KuoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Joseph A IzattDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Duke University · USDuke Medical Center · US

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007171 · NIGMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI KONTOS, CHRISTOPHER D · 1985 to 2021
$31.2M
Medical Scientist Training Program Training GrantT32GM145449 · NIGMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Christopher D Kontos · 2022 to 2026
$6.6M
Intraoperative OCT Guidance of Intraocular SurgeryU01EY028079 · NEI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI KUO, ANTHONY NANLIN, TOTH, CYNTHIA ANN · 2018 to 2022
$3.8M
Portable motion-stabilized optical coherence tomography for eye care in acute care settingsR01EY029302 · NEI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI IZATT, JOSEPH A, KUO, ANTHONY NANLIN · 2018 to 2020
$1.1M
Arbitrary Viewpoint Robotic SurgeryF30EY027280 · NEI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI DRAELOS, MARK · 2016 to 2018
$138k
NEI NIH HHS F30 EY027280NEI NIH HHS R01 EY029302NEI NIH HHS U01 EY028079NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007171NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM145449
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clinical systems for optical coherence tomography (OCT) are used routinely to diagnose and monitor patients with a range of ocular diseases. They are large tabletop instruments operated by trained staff, and require mechanical stabilization of the head of the patient for positioning and motion reduction. Here we report the development and performance of a robot-mounted OCT scanner for the autonomous contactless imaging, at safe distances, of the eyes of freestanding individuals without the need for operator intervention or head stabilization. The scanner uses robotic positioning to align itself with the eye to be imaged, as well as optical active scanning to locate the pupil and to attenuate physiological eye motion. We show that the scanner enables the acquisition of OCT volumetric datasets, comparable in quality to those of clinical tabletop systems, that resolve key anatomic structures relevant for the management of common eye conditions. Robotic OCT scanners may enable the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with eye conditions in non-specialist clinics.

Indexed as

EyeEye DiseasesHumansPoint-of-Care SystemsRetinaRoboticsTomography, Optical Coherence

Identifiers

PMID34253888
PMCPMC9272353
OpenAlexW3177824328

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.