ReviewExperimental & molecular medicine2021
Interplay between interleukin-6 signaling and the vascular endothelium in cytokine storms.
Review in Experimental & molecular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 227 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
227 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 338 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in vascular structure and function in primary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Preliminary assessment of cardiotoxicity in chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Hypercoagulability and vascular proinflammatory activation promote cardiac-cerebral fibrinogenesis in a rodent model of Chagas disease.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Severe steroid-refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis and exploration of potential biomarkers: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Selective inhibition of IL-6 trans-signalling reveals distinct mechanisms of human classic and trans-signalling receptor-complex formation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Component Analysis Based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap/MS and Immune Regulatory Activity Assessment by an LPS-Stimulated Macrophages Model of Sacha Inchi Shell (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) Extract.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Integrating Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein IgG, IL-6, and NK Cell Percentage with Routine Laboratory Markers for COVID-19 Severity Assessment: Development and Validation of the CORIS Nomogram.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Updated Knowledge on Radon Exposure: Quantification Methods, Health Effects, and Molecular Mechanisms.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- The Role of Systemic Inflammation in Paracetamol Poisoning-An Experimental Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Integrated Cytokine and Immune Cell Profiling Reveals a Distinct Immune Signature Associated with High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Evaluating the risk of elevated IL-6 levels in pediatric patients: a stratified approach and evidence of interaction effects.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- [Clinical features and prognosis of influenza-associated encephalopathy in children].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic timeseries links hepatic gene expression to an early and self-limited systemic response to enteric infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Lessons from Lung Cancer.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Plasma Cytokine and Caspase-1p20 Profiles in Pre-Pandemic and Long COVID-Associated Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- IL-6 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: At the Intersection of Disease Activity and Cardiovascular Risk.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The autonomic nervous system-lung interface in experimental BPD: NPY modulates immune response, alveolar growth and vascular muscularizationin neonatal mice exposed to oxidative stress.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Friend or foe? Glial-vascular interactions in health and neurodegenerative disease.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Wound Healing and Angiogenic Profiling of Dermal Endothelial Cells Isolated From People With Type 2 Diabetes.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and optimal timing of sivelestat in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
167 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in host defense against infection and tissue injuries and is a bioindicator of multiple distinct types of cytokine storms. In this review, we present the current understanding of the diverse roles of IL-6, its receptors, and its signaling during acute severe systemic inflammation. IL-6 directly affects vascular endothelial cells, which produce several types of cytokines and chemokines and activate the coagulation cascade. Endothelial cell dysregulation, characterized by abnormal coagulation and vascular leakage, is a common complication in cytokine storms. Emerging evidence indicates that a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, tocilizumab, can effectively block IL-6 signaling and has beneficial effects in rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile systemic idiopathic arthritis, and Castleman's disease. Recent work has also demonstrated the beneficial effect of tocilizumab in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy-induced cytokine storms as well as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we highlight the distinct contributions of IL-6 signaling to the pathogenesis of several types of cytokine storms and discuss potential therapeutic strategies for the management of cytokine storms, including those associated with sepsis and COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.