SynthesisNeurology2021
Alterations of Brain Metabolites in Adults With HIV: A Systematic Meta-analysis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies.
Synthesis in Neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Greater Choline-Containing Compounds and Myo-inositol in Treatment-Resistant Versus Responsive Schizophrenia: ABiological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2024Pooled it
- Meta-analytic evidence of elevated choline, reduced N-acetylaspartate, and normal creatine in schizophrenia and their moderation by measurement quality, echo time, and medication status.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2023Pooled it
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Trial
- Review
- Elevated neurotransmitter levels in people with HIV are associated with attention function.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Article
- Article
- CEST MRI assessment of HIV-1-associated neurometabolic impairments in a humanized mouse model.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Article
- HIV-associated depression: a translational framework targeting neuroimmune inflammation and psychosocial stress modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Proviral Reservoirs of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Altered metabolism in right basal ganglia associated with asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected individuals.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Elevation of cell-associated HIV-1 transcripts in CSF CD4+ T cells, despite effective antiretroviral therapy, is linked to brain injury.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Molecular neuroimaging of inflammation in HIV.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Review
- Neuroinflammation in HIV-associated depression: evidence and future perspectives.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Review
- Harmonization of multi-scannerFrontiers in neurology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveA meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies to investigate alterations in brain metabolites in people with HIV (PWH), the relationship between metabolite alterations and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and the relationship between metabolite alterations and cognitive impairment.
methodsThe PubMed database was searched for studies published from 1997 to 2020. Twenty-seven studies were identified, which included 1255 PWH and 633 controls. Four metabolites (N-acetyl aspartate [NAA], myo-inositol [mI], choline [Cho], and glutamatergic metabolites [Glx]) from 5 brain regions (basal ganglia [BG], frontal gray and white matter [FGM and FWM], and parietal gray and white matter [PGM and PWM]) were pooled separately using random-effects meta-analysis.
resultsDuring early HIV infection, metabolite alterations were largely limited to the BG, including Cho elevation, a marker of inflammation. cART led to global mI and Cho normalization (i.e., less elevations), but improvement in NAA was negligible. In chronic PWH on cART, there were consistent NAA reductions across brain regions, along with Cho and mI elevations in the FWM and BG, and Glx elevations in the FWM. Cognitive impairment was associated with NAA reduction and to a lesser degree mI elevation.
conclusionsThe BG are the primary region affected during early infection. cART is successful in partially controlling neuroinflammation (global mI and Cho normalization). However, neuronal dysfunction (NAA reductions) and neuroinflammation (mI and Cho elevations) persist and contribute to cognitive impairment in chronic PWH. Novel compounds targeting NAA signal pathways, along with better neuroinflammation control, may help to reduce cognitive impairment in PWH.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.