Trial reportJournal of medical Internet research2021
Virtual Reality Tour to Reduce Perioperative Anxiety in an Operating Setting Before Anesthesia: Randomized Clinical Trial.
Trial report in Journal of medical Internet research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Virtual Reality (VR) Tour to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety Before Anaesthesia in an Operating Setting: A Randomized Clinical Trial
The Effect of Virtual Reality Intervention on Preoperative Anxiety, Physiological Parameters and Patient Satisfaction in Women Scheduled for Gynecological Oncology Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Interventions for Perioperative Anxiety in Adults: A Systemic Review With Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical nursing · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of a Single Immersive Virtual Nature Session on Preoperative Surgical Fear and State Anxiety in Patients Awaiting a Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Interventions on Perioperative Anxiety, Depression, Blood Pressure, and Heart Rate: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.JMIR serious games · 2026Review
- Perioperative virtual reality and neuropsychiatric outcomes: a scoping review.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Virtual reality in perioperative medicine: An evidence-based systematic review and meta-analysis.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2026Article
- Article
- Patients' willingness and needs for ICU virtual reality visits before elective surgery: a qualitative study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Current Clinical and Educational Uses of Immersive Reality in Anesthesia: Narrative Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Review
- Augmented Reality in Enhancing Operating Room Crisis Checklist Adherence: Randomized Comparative Efficacy Study.JMIR XR and spatial computing · 2025Article
- An Immersive Virtual Reality Intervention for Preoperative Anxiety and Distress Among Adults Undergoing Oncological Surgery: Protocol for a 3-Phase Development and Feasibility Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- Patient-reported perioperative anaesthesia-related anxiety is associated with impaired patient satisfaction: a secondary analysis from a prospective observational study in Switzerland.Scientific reports · 2023Observational
- Reducing Health Anxiety in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using Video Testimonials: Pilot Assessment of a Video Intervention.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Relieving Anxiety Through Virtual Reality Prior to Endoscopic Procedures.Yonsei medical journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPerioperative anxiety is a major burden to patients undergoing surgeries with general anesthesia.
objectiveThis study investigated whether a virtual operating room tour (VORT) before surgery can be used to ameliorate perioperative anxiety.
methodsWe employed a randomized parallel-group design with 2 study arms to compare VORT to the standard operation preparation procedure. The study included 84 patients. A validated inventory (state-trait operation anxiety-state) was used to assess perioperative state anxiety before (T1) and after (T2) surgery. In addition, trait operation anxiety was evaluated with an additional validated inventory (state-trait operation anxiety-trait). Moreover, user ratings on the usefulness of VORT were assessed with an evaluation questionnaire. Study arms were compared for perioperative state anxiety with two-tailed independent samples t tests. Subjective ratings were correlated with STOA-Trait values to investigate possible associations between perioperative anxiety with perceived usefulness.
resultsThere were no significant differences in perioperative state anxiety between VORT and standard operation preparation procedures before and after the surgery. Nonetheless, patients' ratings of VORT overall were positive. The tour was perceived as useful and, therefore, showed acceptance for VR use. These ratings were unrelated to the degree of perioperative anxiety.
conclusionsThe subjective benefit of VORT could not be explained by a reduction of perioperative anxiety. Instead, VORT appears to serve the need for information and reduce uncertainty. In addition, VORT is perceived as beneficial regardless of the age of the patients. Considering this effect and the manageable organizational and financial effort toward implementation, the general use of VORT can be recommended.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04579354; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04579354.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.