ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2021
The Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Protein ICP4 Acts as both an Activator and a Repressor of Host Genome Transcription during Infection.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of host and viral nascent and steady-state RNA levels in a human neuronal model of herpes simplex virus 1 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Targeted mutagenesis of the ICP4 transactivation domain generates a protective DIVA vaccine against duck plague.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Repression of EEF1D by KSHV RTA promotes viral lytic reactivation.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Review
- Herpes simplex virus type 1 reshapes host chromatin architecture via transcription machinery hijacking.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Phosphorylated-tau associates with HSV-1 chromatin and correlates with nuclear speckles decondensation in low-density host chromatin regions.Neurobiology of disease · 2025Article
- Control of HSV-1 Infection: Directions for the Development of CRISPR/Cas-Based Therapeutics and Diagnostics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Models of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency.Viruses · 2024Review
- A Revision of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Transcription: First, Repress; Then, Express.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- The HSV-1 ICP22 protein selectively impairs histone repositioning upon Pol II transcription downstream of genes.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Article
- HSV-1 Infection Induces a Downstream Shift of Promoter-Proximal Pausing for Host Genes.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Blue light irradiation exerts anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties against herpes simplex virus type 1 infection.Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology · 2023Article
- Immediate Early Proteins of Herpes Simplex Virus Transiently Repress Viral Transcription before Subsequent Activation.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Regulation of alphaherpesvirus protein via post-translational phosphorylation.Veterinary research · 2022Review
- HSV-1 and influenza infection induce linear and circular splicing of the long NEAT1 isoform.PloS one · 2022Article
- A Review of the Multipronged Attack of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 on the Host Transcriptional Machinery.Viruses · 2021Review
- tRNAs at the Virus-Host Interface.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNAReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infection by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) impacts nearly all steps of host cell gene expression. The regulatory mechanisms by which this occurs, and the interplay between host and viral factors, have yet to be fully elucidated. We investigated how the occupancy of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) on the host genome changes during HSV-1 infection and is impacted by the viral immediate early protein ICP4. Pol II ChIP-seq experiments revealed ICP4-dependent decreases and increases in Pol II levels across the bodies of hundreds of genes. Our data suggest ICP4 represses host transcription by inhibiting recruitment of Pol II and activates host genes by promoting release of Pol II from promoter proximal pausing into productive elongation. Consistent with this, ICP4 was required for the decrease in levels of the pausing factor NELF-A on several HSV-1-activated genes after infection. In the absence of infection, exogenous expression of ICP4 activated, but did not repress, transcription of some genes in a chromatin-dependent context. Our data support the model that ICP4 decreases promoter proximal pausing on host genes activated by infection and that ICP4 is necessary, but not sufficient, to repress transcription of host genes during viral infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.