Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34251754›Full record

ArticleCancer communications (London, England)2021

Trends in cancer mortality in China from 2004 to 2018: A nationwide longitudinal study.

Dongming Jiang, Lijuan Zhang, Wenbin Liu, Yibo Ding, Jianhua Yin, Rongbing Ren, Qi Li, Yifan Chen, Jiaying Shen, Xiaojie Tan and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer communications (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. [Key epidemiological data and recommended prevention and control measures for primary liver cancer].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026
    Review
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  13. Steatotic liver disease and chronic viral hepatitis.Clinical and experimental hepatology · 2025
    Review
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2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Dongming JiangShanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, P. R. China.
Lijuan ZhangShanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, P. R. China.
Wenbin LiuDepartment of Epidemiology,  Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
Yibo DingDepartment of Epidemiology,  Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
Jianhua YinDepartment of Epidemiology,  Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
Rongbing RenShanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, P. R. China.
Qi LiShanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, P. R. China.
Yifan ChenDepartment of Epidemiology,  Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
Jiaying ShenShanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, P. R. China.
Xiaojie TanDepartment of Epidemiology,  Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
Hongwei ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology,  Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
Guangwen CaoShanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, P. R. China.ORCID 0000-0002-8094-1278
Second Military Medical University · CNTongji University · CN

Funding

Key discipline from the "3-year public health promotion" program of Shanghai Municipal Health CommissionNational Natural Science Foundation of China 81520108021National Natural Science Foundation of China 81673250National Natural Science Foundation of China 91529305
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe long-term trend in cancer death in a rapidly developing country provides information for cancer prophylaxis. Here, we aimed to identify the trends in cancer mortality in China during the 2004-2018 period.

methodsUsing raw data from the national mortality surveillance system of China, we assessed the mortalities of all cancer and site-specific cancers during the 2004-2018 period. The participants were divided into three age groups: ≥65 years, 40-64 years, and ≤39 years. Changing trends in cancer death by gender, residency, and tumor location were estimated using fitting joinpoint models to log-transformed crude mortality rates (CMRs) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs).

resultsCancer death accounted for 24% of all-cause of death in China during 2014-2018. The CMR of all cancer was 150.0 per 100,000 persons. Cancer was the leading cause of death in the population <65 years. The six major cancer types (lung/bronchus cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophagus cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreas cancer) accounted for 75.85% of all cancer deaths. The CMR of all cancer increased while the ASMR decreased during 2014-2018 (P < 0.001). Lung/bronchus cancer and liver cancer were the leading causes of cancer death in the population <65 years, accounting for 45.31% (CMR) and 44.35% (ASMR) of all cancer death, respectively. The ASMR of liver cancer was higher in the 40-64 years population than in the ≥65 years population, in contrast to the other five major cancers. The ASMRs of liver cancer, stomach cancer, and esophagus cancer decreased although they were higher in rural residents than in urban residents; the ASMRs of lung/bronchus cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreas cancer increased in rural residents although they were higher in urban residents than in rural residents during 2014-2018.

conclusionAlthough the ASMR of all cancer decreased in China during 2004-2018, lung/bronchus cancer and liver cancer remained the leading causes of cancer-related premature death. Lung/bronchus cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreas cancer increased in rural residents.

Indexed as

Esophageal NeoplasmsLiver NeoplasmsAgedChinaHumansLongitudinal StudiesRural Populationage-standardized mortality ratebreast cancercolorectal cancercrude mortality ratedemographic distributionliver cancernational mortality surveillance systempremature deathsite-specific cancerstomach cancertrend

Identifiers

PMID34251754
PMCPMC8504142
OpenAlexW3177861141

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.