Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34251580›Full record

ArticleMolecular diversity2021

AI in drug development: a multidisciplinary perspective.

Víctor Gallego, Roi Naveiro, Carlos Roca, David Ríos Insua, Nuria E Campillo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular diversity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. PockLigGPT: Pocket-Sequence-Conditioned Molecular Generation with GPTs and RL.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. MolOrgGPT:Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. AI-DrivenJournal of medicinal chemistry · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  18. Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Víctor Gallego *Institute of Mathematical Sciences (ICMAT-CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 13-15, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
Roi Naveiro *Institute of Mathematical Sciences (ICMAT-CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 13-15, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
Carlos Roca *AItenea Biotech S.L. Parque Científico de Madrid, Faraday, 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
David Ríos InsuaICMAT-CSIC and Dept. of Statistics and OR, U. Compl. Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Nuria E CampilloCIB-Margarita Salas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain. nuria.campillo@csic.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9948-2665

Funding

FEDER/UE MTM2017-86875-C3-1-R AEIMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades RTI2018-096100-B-I00TRUSTONOMY 815003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The introduction of a new drug to the commercial market follows a complex and long process that typically spans over several years and entails large monetary costs due to a high attrition rate. Because of this, there is an urgent need to improve this process using innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI). Different AI tools are being applied to support all four steps of the drug development process (basic research for drug discovery; pre-clinical phase; clinical phase; and postmarketing). Some of the main tasks where AI has proven useful include identifying molecular targets, searching for hit and lead compounds, synthesising drug-like compounds and predicting ADME-Tox. This review, on the one hand, brings in a mathematical vision of some of the key AI methods used in drug development closer to medicinal chemists and, on the other hand, brings the drug development process and the use of different models closer to mathematicians. Emphasis is placed on two aspects not mentioned in similar surveys, namely, Bayesian approaches and their applications to molecular modelling and the eventual final use of the methods to actually support decisions. Promoting a perfect synergy.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceAlgorithmsBayes TheoremCheminformaticsDeep LearningDrug DesignDrug DevelopmentHumansMachine LearningModels, MolecularMolecular StructureStructure-Activity RelationshipArtificial intelligenceBayesian methodsChemoinformaticsDecision supportDeep learningDrug developmentMachine learning

Identifiers

PMID34251580
PMCPMC8342381

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.