Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34249947›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2021

Cell Cycle Re-entry in the Nervous System: From Polyploidy to Neurodegeneration.

Shyama Nandakumar, Emily Rozich, Laura Buttitta

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Changes in cell size occur across brain regions in the agingbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Shyama NandakumarDepartment of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Emily RozichDepartment of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Laura ButtittaDepartment of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Chromatin remodeling at cell cycle exitR01GM127367 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI BUTTITTA, LAURA A · 2018 to 2022
$1.6M
Cell cycle re-entry in the aging adult brainR21AG047931 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI BUTTITTA, LAURA A · 2015 to 2016
$416k
NIA NIH HHS R21 AG047931NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM127367
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Terminally differentiated cells of the nervous system have long been considered to be in a stable non-cycling state and are often considered to be permanently in G0. Exit from the cell cycle during development is often coincident with the differentiation of neurons, and is critical for neuronal function. But what happens in long lived postmitotic tissues that accumulate cell damage or suffer cell loss during aging? In other contexts, cells that are normally non-dividing or postmitotic can or re-enter the cell cycle and begin replicating their DNA to facilitate cellular growth in response to cell loss. This leads to a state called polyploidy, where cells contain multiple copies of the genome. A growing body of literature from several vertebrate and invertebrate model organisms has shown that polyploidy in the nervous system may be more common than previously appreciated and occurs under normal physiological conditions. Moreover, it has been found that neuronal polyploidization can play a protective role when cells are challenged with DNA damage or oxidative stress. By contrast, work over the last two and a half decades has discovered a link between cell-cycle reentry in neurons and several neurodegenerative conditions. In this context, neuronal cell cycle re-entry is widely considered to be aberrant and deleterious to neuronal health. In this review, we highlight historical and emerging reports of polyploidy in the nervous systems of various vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. We discuss the potential functions of polyploidization in the nervous system, particularly in the context of long-lived cells and age-associated polyploidization. Finally, we attempt to reconcile the seemingly disparate associations of neuronal polyploidy with both neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.

Indexed as

agingcell cycleendomitosisneurodegenerationpolyploidy

Identifiers

PMID34249947
PMCPMC8264763
OpenAlexW3175390442

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.