ReviewPlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2021
The Safe Practice of Female Genital Plastic Surgery.
Review in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Satisfaction of Sexual Partner After Vaginal Tightening Surgery: A Systematic Review.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Pooled it
- The Effect of Vaginal Tightening Surgery on Sexual Function: A Systematic Review.International urogynecology journal · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of Sexual Function, Satisfaction, and Assertiveness in Genital Cosmetic Surgery Groups: A Randomized-Sampling Cross-Sectional Study.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Trial
- Labia Majoraplasty: Deep Contouring with a Multivector Modification.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Labia Majora Lipofilling During Body Contouring: Complications.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Labia Minora Anatomy in Premenopausal Women: Toward Better Labiaplasty Decisions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The effect of labiaplasty on sexual function, body dysmorphic symptoms, body ımage, self-esteem, and life satisfaction.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2026Article
- Women's Decision-Making for Labiaplasty: A Qualitative Analysis of Influential Factors and Psychological Experiences.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- A road map through the multi-faceted world of female genital cosmetic surgical techniques.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Review
- Motivational Factors for Labiaplasty: A Systematic Review of Medical Research.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Did She or Didn't She? Perceptions of Operative Status of Female Genitalia.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2024Article
- Labial Length and Patient Symptomatology: Is There a Correlation?Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2024Article
- From Risk Assessment to Intervention: A Systematic Review of Thrombosis in Plastic Surgery.Cureus · 2023Review
- An Algorithm for Labia Minora Reduction Based on a Review of Anatomical, Configurational, and Individual Considerations.Archives of plastic surgery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to guide surgeons in the safe practice of female genital plastic surgery when the number of such cases is steadily increasing. A careful review of salient things to look for in the patient's motivation, medical history, and physical examination can help the surgeon wisely choose best candidates. The anatomy is described, with particular attention given to the variations not generally described in textbooks or articles. Descriptions are included for labiaplasty, including clitoral hood reduction, majoraplasty, monsplasty, and perineoplasty with vaginoplasty. Reduction of anesthetic risks, deep venous thromboses, and pulmonary emboli are discussed, with special consideration for avoidance of nerve injury and compartment syndrome. Postoperative care of a variety of vulvovaginal procedures is discussed. Videos showing anatomic variations and surgical techniques of common female genital procedures with recommendations to reduce the complication rate are included in the article.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.