Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34249302›Full record

ArticleTherapeutic advances in chronic disease2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease.

Xiaoyan Cai, Lichang Sun, Xiong Liu, Hailan Zhu, Yang Zhang, Sulin Zheng, Yuli Huang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Therapeutic advances in chronic disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiaoyan CaiDepartment of Scientific Research and Education, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
Lichang SunDepartment of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
Xiong LiuDepartment of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
Hailan ZhuDepartment of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
Yang ZhangDepartment of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
Sulin ZhengDepartment of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
Yuli HuangDepartment of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, PR China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5423-5487
The First People's Hospital of Shunde · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsWhether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) independent of established cardio-renal risk factors remains controversial. We aimed to provide a quantitative estimate of the association and strength between NAFLD and risk of CKD after adjustment for multiple cardio-renal risk factors.

methodsWe searched electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar) for studies published from database inception until 30 November 2020. Analysis included cohort studies that reported multivariable-adjusted risk ratios [including odds ratios, relative risks (RRs), or hazard ratios] and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CKD of NAFLD compared with individuals without NAFLD.

resultsA total of 11 cohort studies were included comprising 1,198,242 participants (46.3% women) for analysis. The median follow-up duration was 3.7 years, with 31,922 cases of incident CKD. Compared with individuals without NAFLD, unadjusted models showed that NAFLD was associated with a higher risk of CKD (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.38-1.71). After adjusting for multiple cardio-renal risk factors, the CKD risk was still significantly increased in patients with NAFLD (RR 1.39, 95% CI 1.27-1.52). Compared with individuals without NAFLD, the adjusted absolute risk increase in NAFLD for CKD was 5.1 (95% CI 3.5-6.8) per 1000 person-years.

conclusionNAFLD is associated with an increased risk of incident CKD independent of established cardio-renal risk factors.

Indexed as

cardio-renal risk factorschronic kidney diseasenon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaserisk

Identifiers

PMID34249302
PMCPMC8237225
OpenAlexW3175498669

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.