ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Current Understanding of IL-37 in Human Health and Disease.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Proteins targeting ischaemic-reperfusion injury and repair after myocardial infarction: a systematic literature review.Cardiovascular research · 2026Pooled it
- Associations between interleukin-37 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility and clinical outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis and systematic review.BMC rheumatology · 2026Pooled it
- IL-37/IL-1R8 axis: a novel major mechanism of control at the interface between tumor and immune cells.Oncoimmunology · 2026Review
- Research progress on the role of IL‑37 in gynecological and obstetrics‑related diseases (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Neutrophil Fate and Function in Gout: From Sterile Inflammation to Resolution.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- IL-37 and Neuroimmune Mechanisms Relevant to Depressive and Anxiety Disorders: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Interleukin-18 armours antitumour immune effectors.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Dysregulation of IL-37/SIGIRR Axis in De Novo acute myeloid leukemia patients: association with treatment response.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Critical Overview of Molecular Insights into Osteoarthritis and Therapeutic Targets: Cytokines, RANKL, MMPs, Adipokines and Phosphate Dysregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Interleukins in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Preliminary IL-1 Family Cytokine Signature for Crohn's Disease Onset in Pediatric Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Interleukin-37 in Cancer Angiogenesis: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Future Perspectives.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Interleukin-37 and interleukin-39 as novel immunometabolic biomarkers in metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- A Literature Review of Interleukins in the Development and Treatment of Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- IL-37 Ameliorates Chronic Endometritis by Attenuating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- IL-37 alleviates inflammatory effects and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LPS-induced preterm birth.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Insulin Resistance and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mast Cells Accumulate in the Stroma of Breast Adenocarcinoma and Secrete Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Tumor-Damaging Mediators: Could IL-37 and IL-38 Play an Anti-Tumor Role?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) overexpression defines a distinct immunogenetic subset in primary and metastatic thyroid cancer: implications for GLP-1R agonist therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
IL-37 is a recently discovered cytokine in the IL-1 family exerting broad protective effects on inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Immune and non-immune cells produce the IL-37 precursor upon pro-inflammatory stimuli. Intracellularly, caspase-1 cleaves and activates IL-37, and its mature form binds to Smad3; this complex translocates into the nucleus where it suppresses cytokine production, consequently reducing inflammation. Extracellularly, IL-37 forms a complex with IL-18Rα and IL-1R8 (formerly TIR8 or SIGIRR) that transduces anti-inflammatory signals by the suppression of NF-κB and MAPK and the activation of Mer-PTEN-DOK pathways. During inflammation, IL-37 suppresses the expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokine in favor to the expression of the anti-inflammatory ones by the regulation of macrophage polarization, lipid metabolism, inflammasome function, TSLP synthesis and miRNAs function. Moreover, IL-37 not only regulates the innate and acquired immunity, but also improves aging-associated immunosenescence. Furthermore, IL-37 exerts an inhibitory effect on tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, and progression. Finally, IL-37 may have a potential ability to reduce excessive inflammation since it is aberrantly expressed in patients with inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer, thus, it may be used as a marker for different types of diseases. Therefore, this review provides an updated view of the role of IL-37 in human health and disease, and discusses the potential of IL-37 as a therapeutic target and biomarker in inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.