ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2021
Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis Is Associated With Symptoms Severity and Local Immune/Inflammatory Response in COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential interaction between the oral microbiota and COVID-19: a meta-analysis and bioinformatics prediction.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Oral Microbiome Resilience During SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Diversity Shifts After COVID-19 Vaccination in a Hispanic Population.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Designing adhesive hydrogels for oral diseases treatment.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Nanobiosensors: A Potential Tool to Decipher the Nexus Between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Gut Dysbiosis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Oral microbiota composition in children and adults during Spanish COVID-19 lockdown: impact of home self-confinement and SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Article
- Severe empyema caused by mixed oral anaerobic bacterial infection: a case report.AME case reports · 2026Article
- Characteristics of salivary IgA responses to oral microbiota in patients with oral lichen planus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long-term efficacy of cyclosporine and interferon-ω in feline chronic gingivostomatitis: insights from SDAI scores.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Integrative insights into the oral microbiome's role in systemic diseases: novel therapeutic strategies and future directions.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2025Review
- Whole 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals differences in the oral microbiota of healthy individuals infected with oral HPV.Future microbiology · 2025Article
- Oral microbiota and respiratory diseases: advances and perspectives.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Vascular Pathogenesis in Acute and Long COVID: Current Insights and Therapeutic Outlook.Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis · 2025Review
- Bilateral Peritonsillar Abscesses Subsequent to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Dysbiosis of the oropharyngeal microbiota in COVID-19: distinct profiles in patients with severe respiratory symptoms.Journal of oral microbiology · 2025Article
- B cell senescence promotes age-related changes in oral microbiota.Aging cell · 2024Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal Cellulitis.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- High abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the naso-oropharynx of SARS-CoV-2-infected persons in an African population: implications for low disease severity.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Influence of Mycobiota in the Nasopharyngeal Tract of COVID-19 Patients.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Oral Microbiota Alterations in Subjects with SARS-CoV-2 Displaying Prevalence of the Opportunistic Fungal PathogenMicroorganisms · 2024Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human oral microbiome (HOM) is the second largest microbial community after the gut and can impact the onset and progression of several localized and systemic diseases, including those of viral origin, especially for viruses entering the body via the oropharynx. However, this important aspect has not been clarified for the new pandemic human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19 disease, despite it being one of the many respiratory viruses having the oropharynx as the primary site of replication. In particular, no data are available about the non-bacterial components of the HOM (fungi, viruses), which instead has been shown to be crucial for other diseases. Consistent with this, this study aimed to define the HOM in COVID-19 patients, to evidence any association between its profile and the clinical disease. Seventy-five oral rinse samples were analyzed by Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) to simultaneously identify oral bacteria, fungi, and viruses. To correlate the HOM profile with local virus replication, the SARS-CoV-2 amount in the oral cavity was quantified by digital droplet PCR. Moreover, local inflammation and secretory immune response were also assessed, respectively by measuring the local release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (L-6, IL-17, TNFα, and GM-CSF) and the production of secretory immunoglobulins A (sIgA). The results showed the presence of oral dysbiosis in COVID-19 patients compared to matched controls, with significantly decreased alpha-diversity value and lower species richness in COVID-19 subjects. Notably, oral dysbiosis correlated with symptom severity (
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