SynthesisFrontiers in psychiatry2021
Effectiveness of Virtual/Augmented Reality-Based Therapeutic Interventions on Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Use of Biofeedback and Virtual Reality as Facilitators of Emotional Recognition in the Treatment of Aggressive Outbursts
Comparative Outcomes of VR and In-person NDBI-informed Social Skills Interventions for Preschool-aged Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Impact of extended reality interventions on core deficits and functional performance among individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- The effects of virtual reality interventions on outcomes related to well-being among autistic children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Virtual reality in autism and physical therapy: a meta-analytical review of clinical outcomes and therapeutic efficacy.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Pooled it
- How are Autistic People Involved in the Design of Extended Reality Technologies? A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Mixed Reality in Clinical Settings for Pediatric Patients and Their Families: A Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- The use of virtual reality and augmented reality in psychosocial rehabilitation for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Virtual reality as a telerehabilitation strategy for people with autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 quarantine scenario: physical activity, motor performance and enjoyment.Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology · 2024Trial
- Digital Psychiatry with Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality: Recent Advances and Limitations.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Stepped-Care Digital Gaming Intervention Enhanced Emotion Recognition in Autistic Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Response Inhibition in Autistic Adults: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study in Virtual Reality.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- A pilot randomized controlled study of a digital art therapy paradigm for children with ASD: integrating pivotal response treatment into video animation and physical model design.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Can AI-driven games enhance social skills for autistic children? - A three-level meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Aligning XR Research with Autistic Priorities and Lived Experiences: Insights from the Project PHoENIX Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- The effect of fully immersive virtual reality technology combined with psychological and behavioral intervention on autism spectrum disorder.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Large language models for autism: evaluating theory of mind tasks in a gamified environment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Insights From the Nihon Housou Kyoukai's Virtual Reality-Based Social Interaction Television Program "Project Aliens" for Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders: Single-Center Case Series Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Augmented Reality and Learning-Cognitive Outcomes in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Role of Physical Activity in ADHD Management: Diagnostic, Digital and Non-Digital Interventions, and Lifespan Considerations.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Efficacy of non-wearable VR-based behavioral training for preschool children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: a protocol for an upcoming randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, the application of virtual reality (VR) for therapeutic purposes has escalated dramatically. Favorable properties of VR for engaging patients with autism, in particular, have motivated an enormous body of investigations targeting autism-related disabilities with this technology. This study aims to provide a comprehensive meta-analysis for evaluating the effectiveness of VR on the rehabilitation and training of individuals diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. Accordingly, we conducted a systematic search of related databases and, after screening for inclusion criteria, reviewed 33 studies for more detailed analysis. Results revealed that individuals undergoing VR training have remarkable improvements with a relatively large effect size with Hedges
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.