Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34247583›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021

Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study.

Alexandra L Hernandez, Rajiv Karthik, Murugesan Sivasubramanian, Anantharam Raghavendran, Shelly Lensing, Jeannette Y Lee, Priya Abraham, Dilip Mathai, Joel M Palefsky

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  4. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Alexandra L HernandezDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Box 0654, 513 Parnassus Ave, Room S420, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. alexandra.hernandez@ucsf.edu.
Rajiv KarthikDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Murugesan SivasubramanianThe Humsafar Trust, Mumbai, India.
Anantharam RaghavendranDepartment of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Shelly LensingDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Jeannette Y LeeDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Priya AbrahamDepartment of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Dilip MathaiApollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India.
Joel M PalefskyDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Box 0654, 513 Parnassus Ave, Room S420, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Christian Medical College & Hospital · INUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USApollo Institute of Medical Sciences & Research · INHumsafar Trust · IN

Funding

University of Southern CaliforniaU01CA121947 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI KROWN, SUSAN E · 2006 to 2014
$54.7M
NCI NIH HHS U01 CA121947
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been causally linked to a subset of oropharyngeal cancers in Western populations, and both oropharyngeal cancer and oral HPV infection are increased among HIV-positive individuals. India has high incidences of oral and oropharyngeal cancers, and Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) may be at increased risk of developing oropharyngeal cancers. However, there is little information available on the prevalence of oral HPV in this population.

methodsWe tested 302 HIV-positive Indian MSM for oral HPV infection using L1 HPV DNA PCR with probes specific for 29 types and a mixture of 10 additional types. CD4+ level and plasma HIV viral load (VL) were measured. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire including a sexual history.

resultsThe prevalence of oral HPV was 23.7% (95% CI: 19-29%) and 2.4% of participants had oncogenic HPV types. No participants had oral HPV type 16 (HPV-16) and the prevalence of other anogenital HPV types was low. Participants with higher CD4+ levels had reduced odds of having any oral HPV infection (OR: 3.1 [1.4-6.9]) in multivariable analyses.

conclusionsThis is the first report of oral HPV among Indian HIV-positive MSM. Our results show a high prevalence of oral HPV infection consistent with studies from Western populations. However, oncogenic anogenital HPV types were relatively uncommon in our study population. It is unknown what the impact of this distribution of oral HPV will be on oropharyngeal cancers. HIV-positive MSM in India should be monitored closely for oral and oropharyngeal pre-cancer and cancer.

Indexed as

Sexual and Gender MinoritiesCross-Sectional StudiesHIV InfectionsHIV SeropositivityHomosexuality, MaleHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedMouth DiseasesPapillomavirus InfectionsPrevalenceRisk FactorsHIV/AIDSHPVHuman papillomavirusMSMOral cancer

Identifiers

PMID34247583
PMCPMC8274002
OpenAlexW3121805283

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.