ArticleCirculation2021
Quantifying and Understanding the Higher Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Among South Asian Individuals: Results From the UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Circulation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06769347 (Circulating Vascular Regenerative Cell Exhaustion in Individuals Without Type 2 Diabetes Who Are of South Asian or European Origins), which is not on this map. Cited by 119 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Circulating Vascular Regenerative Cell Exhaustion in Individuals Without Type 2 Diabetes Who Are of South Asian or European Origins
Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- European guidelines for hypertension in 2024: a comparison of key recommendations for clinical practice.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2025Guideline
- Ethnic differences between South Asians and White Caucasians in cardiovascular disease-related mortality in developed countries: a systematic literature review.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Statin effects on the incidence of major non-cardiovascular disease events among a global cohort of people with HIV: a randomised controlled trial.The lancet. HIV · 2025Trial
- Determinants of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functions beyond proteome in Asian Indians: exploring the fatty acid profile of HDL phospholipids.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2022Trial
- Age and sex specific coronary plaque characteristics among South Asians: Insights from the DILWALE CTA study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Rethinking the coronary artery calcium scan: from population averages to individual realities - visualizing subclinical risk in South Asian adults.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Associations of the PREVENT Score with coronary artery and thoracic aortic calcification among South Asian Americans.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Non-HDL Cholesterol as a Predictor of Coronary Atherosclerosis in South Asians: A Narrative Review.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Coronary Plaque Burden in South Asian Adults: Insights From the DILWALE Registry.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Elevated cardiovascular risk associated with hormone replacement therapy: A comprehensive analysis of reproductive factors and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease outcomes in the UK Biobank cohort.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- South Asian Cardiovascular Risk: Role of Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring and Computed Tomography Angiography.JACC. Asia · 2026Review
- Race and Ethnicity in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction for Multiethnic Populations: Insights From Global Guidelines.JACC. Asia · 2026Review
- Drivers of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in South Asians: Current Insights and Future Directions.JACC. Asia · 2026Review
- "There's no representation": a qualitative study of attitudes and motivations towards genomic research participation among Australian South Asians.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2026Article
- Seven routine blood markers predict five-year mortality in older Indians: a risk score from the LASI-DAD cohort.Research square · 2026Article
- Dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular risk - Key considerations in South Asians.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Machine learning derived abdominal aortic calcification is associated with physical frailty in community-dwelling adults: the UK Biobank Imaging Study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Ethnic differences in the burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors among adult residents of London: the TOGETHER study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Trends in Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Middle-Aged South Asian Adults Compared With Other Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States: A Longitudinal Analysis of 2 Cohort Studies.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- The effect of repeated hot water immersion on microvascular function, glycaemic control and inflammation in White European and South Asian males.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIndividuals of South Asian ancestry represent 23% of the global population, corresponding to 1.8 billion people, and have substantially higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease compared with most other ethnicities. US practice guidelines now recognize South Asian ancestry as an important risk-enhancing factor. The magnitude of enhanced risk within the context of contemporary clinical care, the extent to which it is captured by existing risk estimators, and its potential mechanisms warrant additional study.
methodsWithin the UK Biobank prospective cohort study, 8124 middle-aged participants of South Asian ancestry and 449 349 participants of European ancestry who were free of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease at the time of enrollment were examined. The relationship of ancestry to risk of incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease-defined as myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, or ischemic stroke-was assessed with Cox proportional hazards regression, along with examination of a broad range of clinical, anthropometric, and lifestyle mediators.
resultsThe mean age at study enrollment was 57 years, and 202 405 (44%) were male. Over a median follow-up of 11 years, 554 of 8124 (6.8%) individuals of South Asian ancestry experienced an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease event compared with 19 756 of 449 349 (4.4%) individuals of European ancestry, corresponding to an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.03 (95% CI, 1.86-2.22;
conclusionsWithin a large prospective study, South Asian individuals had substantially higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease compared with individuals of European ancestry, and this risk was not captured by the Pooled Cohort Equations.
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