ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021
Impulsivity in cocaine users compared to matched controls: Effects of sex and preferred route of cocaine use.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polysubstance use patterns and risk behaviors among people with cocaine use disorder.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Sex, social rank, and nicotine co-administration shape cocaine- and cocaethylene-induced reinstatement in monkeys.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Gender differences in ADHD and impulsivity among alcohol or alcohol- and cocaine-dependent patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Impulsive responding increases during a laboratory model of a cocaine binge in individuals who use cocaine: A preliminary study.Addiction and substance abuse · 2025Article
- Behavioral and neuronal extracellular vesicle biomarkers associated with nicotine's enhancement of the reinforcing strength of cocaine in female and male monkeys.Addiction neuroscience · 2024Article
- Sex- and Gender-Specific Drug Abuse Dynamics: The Need for Tailored Therapeutic Approaches.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Impulsivity and Treatment Outcomes in Individuals with Cocaine Use Disorder: Examining the Gap between Interest and Adherence.Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
- Lower cortical thickness and increased brain aging in adults with cocaine use disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImpulsivity has been identified as playing a role in cocaine use. The purpose of this study was to explore self-report measures of impulsivity in large groups of male and female cocaine users and matched controls and to determine if differences in impulsivity measures within a group of cocaine users related to self-reported money spent on cocaine and route of cocaine use.
methodsEight self-report impulsivity measures yielding 34 subscales were obtained in 230 cocaine users (180 M, 50 F) and a matched group of 119 healthy controls (89 M, 30 F). Correlational analysis of the questionnaires revealed 2 factors: Impulsive Action (Factor 1) consisting of many traditional impulsivity measures and Thrill-seeking (Factor 2) consisting of delay discounting, sensation and thrill seeking.
resultsSex influenced within group comparisons. Impulsive Action scores did not vary as a function of sex within either group. But, male controls and male cocaine users had greater Thrill-seeking scores than females within the same group. Sex also influenced between group comparisons. Male cocaine users had greater Impulsive Action scores while female cocaine users had greater Thrill-seeking scores than their sex-matched controls. Among cocaine users, individuals who preferred insufflating ("snorting") cocaine had greater Thrill-seeking scores and lower Impulsive Action scores than individuals who preferred smoking cocaine. Individuals who insufflate cocaine also spent less money on cocaine.
conclusionsGreater Impulsive Action scores in males and Thrill-seeking scores in females were associated with cocaine use relative to controls.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.