Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34246769›Full record

ArticleNeuroImage2021

Dynamics of nonlinguistic statistical learning: From neural entrainment to the emergence of explicit knowledge.

Julia Moser, Laura Batterink, Yiwen Li Hegner, Franziska Schleger, Christoph Braun, Ken A Paller, Hubert Preissl

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NeuroImage, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Aberrant Neural Entrainment to Word-Level Speech Patterns in Fragile X Syndrome: Evidence for a Statistical Learning Deficit.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026
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  18. Flexible structure learning under uncertainty.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Julia MoserIDM/fMEG Center of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: julia.moser@student.uni-tuebingen.de.
Laura BatterinkWestern University, Department of Psychology, Brain and Mind Institute, London, ON, Canada.
Yiwen Li HegnerMEG Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Center of Neurology, Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Franziska SchlegerIDM/fMEG Center of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany.
Christoph BraunMEG Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; CIMeC, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
Ken A PallerNorthwestern University, Department of Psychology, Evanston, IL, USA.
Hubert PreisslIDM/fMEG Center of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Interfaculty Centre for Pharmacogenomics and Pharma Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humans are highly attuned to patterns in the environment. This ability to detect environmental patterns, referred to as statistical learning, plays a key role in many diverse aspects of cognition. However, the spatiotemporal neural mechanisms underlying implicit statistical learning, and how these mechanisms may relate or give rise to explicit learning, remain poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated these different aspects of statistical learning by using an auditory nonlinguistic statistical learning paradigm combined with magnetoencephalography. Twenty-four healthy volunteers were exposed to structured and random tone sequences, and statistical learning was quantified by neural entrainment. Already early during exposure, participants showed strong entrainment to the embedded tone patterns. A significant increase in entrainment over exposure was detected only in the structured condition, reflecting the trajectory of learning. While source reconstruction revealed a wide range of brain areas involved in this process, entrainment in areas around the left pre-central gyrus as well as right temporo-frontal areas significantly predicted behavioral performance. Sensor level results confirmed this relationship between neural entrainment and subsequent explicit knowledge. These results give insights into the dynamic relation between neural entrainment and explicit learning of triplet structures, suggesting that these two aspects are systematically related yet dissociable. Neural entrainment reflects robust, implicit learning of underlying patterns, whereas the emergence of explicit knowledge, likely built on the implicit encoding of structure, varies across individuals and may depend on factors such as sufficient exposure time and attention.

Indexed as

Acoustic StimulationAdultAuditory PerceptionBrainFemaleHumansLearningMagnetoencephalographyMaleNerve NetYoung AdultAuditory processingExplicit learningImplicit learningMEGStatistical learning

Identifiers

PMID34246769
PMCPMC8456692

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.