ArticleReproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)2021
Perfluorononanoic acid impedes mouse oocyte maturation by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.
Article in Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- A PFAS mixture at environmental relevant concentration induces DNA damage and compromises the in vitro maturation of mouse oocytes.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- From Follicle Development to Fertilization: How PCBs and PFAS May Shape Female Reproductive Health.Toxics · 2026Review
- Risk Assessment of PFAS-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity: A Comprehensive Evaluation Using the TRAEC Strategy.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Pollutant Exposure Shapes Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in a Wild Seabird.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Forever Chemicals, Finite Defenses: PFAS Burden the Liver, Break Mitochondria, and Outpace Modern Regulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Association of emerging alternatives to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with polycystic ovary syndrome among Chinese women: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association between PFAS compounds in follicular fluid and POR and the intervention effect of Qizi Yusi Tang: a study based on targeted PFAS quantification analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- PFAS exposure and reproductive dysfunction: implications for outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Exposure to PFOS and PFOA through drinking water is associated with greater cigarette smoke-induced COPD-like lung injury and enhanced NF-κB-related inflammatory signaling in mice.Current research in toxicology · 2026Article
- Neurotoxicity and Potential Mechanisms of Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs).Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Endocrine disrupting chemicals and female sexual health: An emerging research priority.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Review
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in oocytes: implications for fertility and ageing.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Review
- Associations of Serum Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances with Genotoxic Biomarkers: New Insights from Cross-Sectional and In Vivo Evidence.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Distinctively Different Effects of Perfluorobutanoic Acid and Perfluorononanoic Acid on Zebrafish Sex Differentiation and Androgen Receptor Activity.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Exposure to Long- and Short-Chain Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Mice and Ovarian-Related Outcomes: AnEnvironmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in pregnancy loss: a review.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Early-life exposure to PCBs and PFAS exerts negative effects on the developing central nervous system.Journal of hazardous materials · 2025Review
- Chaihushugan powder regulates the gut microbiota to alleviate mitochondrial oxidative stress in the gastric tissues of rats with functional dyspepsia.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Association between novel per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances and premature ovarian insufficiency: a case-control study.Human reproduction open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), a member of PFAS, is frequently detected in human blood and tissues, even in follicular fluid of women. The exposure of PFNA, but not PFOA and PFOS, is positively correlated with miscarriage and increased time to pregnancy. Toxicological studies indicated that PFNA exposure is associated with immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and reproductive toxicity in animals. However, there is little information regarding the toxic effects of PFNA on oocyte maturation. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of PFNA exposure on mouse oocyte maturation in vitro. Our results showed that 600 μM PFNA significantly inhibited germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and polar body extrusion (PBE) in mouse oocytes. Our further study revealed that PFNA induced abnormal metaphase I (MI) spindle assembly, evidenced by malformed spindles and mislocalization of p-ERK1/2 in PFNA-treated oocytes. We also found that PFNA induced abnormal mitochondrial distribution and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Consequently, PFNA increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and eventually early-stage apoptosis in oocytes. In addition, after 14 h culture, PFNA disrupted the formation of metaphase II (MII) spindle in most PFNA-treated oocytes with polar bodies. Collectively, our results indicate that PFNA interferes with oocyte maturation in vitro via disrupting spindle assembly, damaging mitochondrial functions, and inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and early-stage apoptosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.