Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34244469›Full record

SynthesisTranslational psychiatry2021

Public mental health problems during COVID-19 pandemic: a large-scale meta-analysis of the evidence.

Xuerong Liu, Mengyin Zhu, Rong Zhang, Jingxuan Zhang, Chenyan Zhang, Peiwei Liu, Zhengzhi Feng, Zhiyi Chen

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Translational psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
90citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

90 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  7. Attitude and Performance for Online Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analytic Evidence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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  10. COVID-19 pandemic effects on health worker's mental health: Systematic review and meta-analysis.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2022
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30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Xuerong LiuDepartment of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-5773
Mengyin ZhuDepartment of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-9570
Rong ZhangSchool of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4516-4116
Jingxuan ZhangDepartment of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-5107
Chenyan ZhangCognitive Psychology Unit, The Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-6584
Peiwei LiuDepartment of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2660-1106
Zhengzhi FengDepartment of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. fzz@tmmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6144-5044
Zhiyi ChenDepartment of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. chenzhiyi@email.swu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1744-4647

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed humans to the highest physical and mental risks. Thus, it is becoming a priority to probe the mental health problems experienced during the pandemic in different populations. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the prevalence of postpandemic mental health problems. Seventy-one published papers (n = 146,139) from China, the United States, Japan, India, and Turkey were eligible to be included in the data pool. These papers reported results for Chinese, Japanese, Italian, American, Turkish, Indian, Spanish, Greek, and Singaporean populations. The results demonstrated a total prevalence of anxiety symptoms of 32.60% (95% confidence interval (CI): 29.10-36.30) during the COVID-19 pandemic. For depression, a prevalence of 27.60% (95% CI: 24.00-31.60) was found. Further, insomnia was found to have a prevalence of 30.30% (95% CI: 24.60-36.60). Of the total study population, 16.70% (95% CI: 8.90-29.20) experienced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subgroup analysis revealed the highest prevalence of anxiety (63.90%) and depression (55.40%) in confirmed and suspected patients compared with other cohorts. Notably, the prevalence of each symptom in other countries was higher than that in China. Finally, the prevalence of each mental problem differed depending on the measurement tools used. In conclusion, this study revealed the prevalence of mental problems during the COVID-19 pandemic by using a fairly large-scale sample and further clarified that the heterogeneous results for these mental health problems may be due to the nonstandardized use of psychometric tools.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsAnxietyChinaCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionHumansIndiaJapanMental HealthPrevalenceSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34244469
PMCPMC8266633

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.