Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34244443›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Defensive hypervariable regions confer superinfection exclusion in microviruses.

Paul C Kirchberger, Zachary A Martinez, Landry J Luker, Howard Ochman

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Phase variation inEngineering microbiology · 2026
    Article
  2. Unveil the Secret of the Bacteria and Phage Arms Race.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Defensive hypervariable regions confer superinfection exclusion in microviruses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Paul C KirchbergerDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 pkirchberger@utexas.edu howard.ochman@austin.utexas.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8387-6440
Zachary A MartinezDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.ORCID 0000-0002-7830-3162
Landry J LukerDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712.
Howard OchmanDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 pkirchberger@utexas.edu howard.ochman@austin.utexas.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-1688-7059
The University of Texas at Austin · US

Funding

Elucidating the Evolution of Microbial Genes, Genomes and CommunitiesR35GM118038 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI OCHMAN, HOWARD · 2016 to 2025
$4.0M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM118038
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Single-stranded DNA phages of the family

Indexed as

DNA, ViralEscherichia coliImmunityMicrovirusPhylogenyProphagesSuperinfectionViral ProteinsDNA, ViralViral ProteinsGokushovirinaelysogenyMicroviridaeprophage defensevirus–host interactions

Identifiers

PMID34244443
PMCPMC8285946
OpenAlexW3183018171

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.