ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2021
Disengagement of Motor Cortex during Long-Term Learning Tracks the Performance Level of Learned Movements.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Distinct sensorimotor encoding in tuft dendrites and somata associated with action, correction, and learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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- Conserved role of primary motor cortex in the control of prehension in mice and macaques.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Learning shapes neural codes for sensory-motor integration in the tail of the striatum.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mouse sensorimotor cortex reflects complex kinematic details during reaching and grasping.eLife · 2026Article
- Gradual consolidation of skilled sequential movements in primary motor cortex of non-human primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Dynamic engagement of the motor cortex in controlling movement.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Differential participation of the corticospinal and corticorubral neurons during motor execution in the rat.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Motor learning drives region-specific transcriptomic remodeling in the motor cortex and dorsal striatum.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The regulation of rhythmic locomotion by motor cortical and dopaminergic inputs in the mouse striatum.Molecular brain · 2025Article
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- Article
- Dynamic lateralization in contralateral-projecting corticospinal neurons during motor learning.iScience · 2024Article
- Motor cortical inactivation impairs corrective submovements in mice performing a hold-still center-out reach task.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Goal-directed learning is multidimensional and accompanied by diverse and widespread changes in neocortical signaling.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
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- Goal-Directed Learning is Multidimensional and Accompanied by Diverse and Widespread Changes in Neocortical Signaling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Local and global predictors of synapse elimination during motor learning.Science advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Not all movements require the motor cortex for execution. Intriguingly, dependence on motor cortex of a given movement is not fixed, but instead can dynamically change over the course of long-term learning. For instance, rodent forelimb movements that initially require motor cortex can become independent of the motor cortex after an extended period of training. However, it remains unclear whether long-term neural changes rendering the motor cortex dispensable are a simple function of the training length. To address this issue, we trained mice (both male and female) to perform two distinct forelimb movements, forward versus downward reaches with a joystick, concomitantly over several weeks, and then compared the involvement of the motor cortex between the two movements. Most mice achieved different levels of motor performance between the two movements after long-term training. Of the two movements, the one that achieved higher trial-to-trial consistency (i.e., consistent-direction movement) was significantly less affected by inactivation of motor cortex than the other (i.e., variable-direction movement). Two-photon calcium imaging of motor cortical neurons revealed that the consistent-direction movement activates fewer neurons, producing weaker and less consistent population activity than the variable-direction movement. Together, the motor cortex was less engaged and less necessary for learned movements that achieved higher levels of consistency. Thus, the long-term reorganization of neural circuits that frees the motor cortex from the learned movement is not a mere function of training length. Rather, this reorganization tracks the level of motor performance that the animal achieves during training.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.