Observational studyBMJ open2021
Health-related quality of life in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators in Sweden: a cross-sectional observational trial.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07121855 (Symptoms and Coping Strategies Among Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Symptoms and Coping Strategies Among Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of virtual interactive nurse-led support group intervention on fatigue, shock anxiety, and acceptance of implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients: a randomized trial.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Trial
- Effect of high-intensity interval training on peak oxygen uptake, quality of life, and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: a randomized controlled trial.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Psychological Interventions for Reducing Distress in Patients with Cardiac Arrhythmias.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Health-related quality of life in a large cohort of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices A registry-based study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Optimizing patient selection for primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: utilizing multimodal machine learning to assess risk of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator non-benefit.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesDecisions regarding implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) must consider information about presumed health-related quality of life (HRQL). The purpose of the study was to assess HRQL in patients with ICD and compare it to a Swedish age-matched and sex-matched population.
designCross-sectional observational trial.
settingSwedish ICD cohort.
interventionsShort form 36 (SF-36) questionnaires from ICD recipients implanted 2007-2017 (response rate 77.2%) were analysed using Mann-Whitney U test and effect size (ES).
resultsIn total, 223 patients (mean age 71.1±9.7 years, 82.1% men) were included. In most SF-36 domains (physical functioning (PF), role physical, general health (GH), vitality, social functioning and mental health), the score for patients with ICD was significantly lower (ES range 0.23-0.41, ie, small difference) than norms, except for bodily pain and role emotional. Both the physical component summary (PCS) and the mental component summary (MCS) scores had ES=0.31. Men and women had similar scores. Primary and secondary prevention patients scored similarly, except for worse GH in primary prevention (p=0.016, ES=0.35). Atrial fibrillation was associated with worse PF (ES=0.41) and PCS (ES=0.38). Appropriate therapy, inappropriate shock or complications requiring surgery were not associated with lower scores in any domain. In primary prevention due to ischaemic versus non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, no domain was significantly different. PCS decreased with higher age strata (p=0.002) in contrast to MCS (p=0.986).
conclusionsPatients with ICDs have lower physical and mental HRQL than age-matched and sex-matched norms; however, the ESs are small. HRQL is similar regardless of sex, primary/secondary prevention indication, appropriate therapy, inappropriate shock or complications, but decreases with advancing age.
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