Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34243039›Full record

ArticleBiomaterials2021

Delayed neutrophil recruitment allows nascent Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation and immune evasion.

Brian A Pettygrove, Rachel M Kratofil, Maria Alhede, Peter Ø Jensen, Michelle Newton, Klaus Qvortrup, Kyler B Pallister, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Paul Kubes, Jovanka M Voyich and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomaterials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. The non-attached biofilm aggregate.Communications biology · 2023
    Review
  19. Biology and Regulation of Staphylococcal Biofilm.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Brian A PettygroveCenter for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
Rachel M KratofilDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Maria AlhedeCosterton Biofilm Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Peter Ø JensenCosterton Biofilm Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Michelle NewtonDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Klaus QvortrupDepartment of Biomedical Sciences/CFIM, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kyler B PallisterDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
Thomas BjarnsholtCosterton Biofilm Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Paul KubesDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Jovanka M VoyichDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
Philip S StewartCenter for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA. Electronic address: phil_s@montana.edu.
Montana State University · USUniversity of Copenhagen · DKUniversity of Calgary · CA

Funding

Tracking and Evaluation CoreU54GM115371 · NIGMS · MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY - BOZEMAN · PI RASMUS, STACY M., VOYICH, JOVANKA M · 2016 to 2020
$20.9M
Defining SaeR/S-dependent Neutrophil-S. aureus Interactions that Determine the Outcome of InfectionR01AI149491 · NIAID · MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY - BOZEMAN · PI NYGAARD, TYLER K, VOYICH, JOVANKA M · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
CIHR FDN-143248NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI149491NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM115371
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biofilms that form on implanted medical devices cause recalcitrant infections. The early events enabling contaminating bacteria to evade immune clearance, before a mature biofilm is established, are poorly understood. Live imaging in vitro demonstrated that Staphylococcus aureus sparsely inoculated on an abiotic surface can go undiscovered by human neutrophils, grow, and form aggregates. Small (~50 μm

Indexed as

Staphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcus aureusAnimalsBiofilmsImmune EvasionMiceNeutrophil InfiltrationNeutrophilsBiofilmImplant-associated infectionMicroscopyNeutrophilStaphylococcus aureusUp to 10)

Identifiers

PMID34243039
PMCPMC8325624
OpenAlexW3141649371

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.