ArticlePloS one2021
Nexus of regional integration, socioeconomic determinants and sustainable development in belt and road initiative countries.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- A Comprehensive Accounting of Construction Materials in Belt and Road Initiative Projects.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Health policy competencies in regional organizations: a retrospective analysis for 76 regional organizations from 1945 to 2015.Globalization and health · 2024Article
- Regional integration and export performance of Pakistan: Empirical evidence from the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO).PloS one · 2024Article
- RETRACTED: Does Innovative City Pilot Policy Stimulate the Chinese Regional Innovation: An Application of DID Model.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Genetic diversity and breed identification of Chinese and Vietnamese local chicken breeds based on microsatellite analysis.Journal of animal science · 2023Article
- The dynamic impact of financial, technological, and natural resources on sustainable development in Belt and Road countries.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Impact of tourism on sustainable development in BRI countries: The moderating role of institutional quality.PloS one · 2022Article
- COVID-19 stress and wellbeing: A phenomenological qualitative study of Pakistani Medical Doctors.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Article
- COVID-19 pandemic control and administrative issues in Pakistan: How Pakistan mitigated both pandemic and administration issues?Journal of public affairs · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study evaluates the nexus of regional integration, socioeconomic determinants and sustainable development (SD) by investigating the effect of health, humans and age structure on sustainable development, with the regional integration (RI) as the moderating variable. Socioeconomic determinants have an important role in sustainable development, while regional integration has fueled up the development process. The sample is based on 64 Belt and Road (BRI) countries from 2003-2018. Pair-wise correlation results indicate that human development, health expenditure and age structure showed a positive relationship with sustainable development. Two-step System-GMM direct effect outcomes are mixed and reveal that human development, health expenditure per capita, age structure, governance index and population size have a positive impact on sustainable development. On the other hand, e-government, government size, and globalization showed negative effects on SD. Apart from that, the moderating channel of regional integration (RI), interaction term with human development and health expenditure, showed a significant and positive impact on sustainable development. However, age structure interaction with regional integration showed a negative impact on SD. Other socio-economic factors, i.e., governance index and population contribute positively towards SD. It can be concluded that the dynamic nature of sustainable development is positive and the net present value is increasing. Therefore, BRI countries are on the sustainable path from 2003-2018, as suggested by economic and social welfare theory. The integration of BRI can be labeled as an entrance to successful sustainable development. However, weak e-government systems, globalization and government resources need to be utilized amicably in Belt and Road countries. Driscoll-Kraay standard-errors regression confirmed and validated the two-step System-GMM results. The findings of the current research have important policy implications for balanced and sustainable growth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.