ArticleAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2021
Positive flow cytometry crossmatch with discrepant antibody testing results following COVID-19 vaccination.
Article in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine-induced donor-specific HLA antibodies: a case report highlighting sensitization risks in renal transplant waitlisted patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Vaccination for solid organ transplanted patients: Recommendations, efficacy, and safety.World journal of transplantation · 2024Review
- Article
- Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Kidney Transplant Recipients According to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination.Infection & chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Virtual crossmatch for deceased donor kidney transplantation in the United States: A survey of histocompatibility lab directors and transplant surgeons.Human immunology · 2023Article
- HLA Sensitization in the Era of COVID-19: Single-Center Experience.Transplantation proceedings · 2022Article
- Development of donor specific antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in kidney and heart transplant recipients.Transplant immunology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies.Transplant immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Safety and Immunogenicity in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients and Strategies for Improving Vaccine Responses.Current transplantation reports · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the alloimmunity of transplant candidates is unknown. We report a case of positive B cell flow cytometry crossmatch in a patient waiting for second kidney transplantation, 37 days after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The preliminary crossmatch, using sample collected before COVID-19 vaccination, was negative. The antibodies to mismatched donor HLA-DR7 were detected only with multi-antigen beads but not with single-antigen beads, excluding possible prozone effects in solid-phase antibody assays. The crossmatches were positive with HLA-DR7-positive surrogates (n = 2) while negative with HLA-DR7-negative surrogates (n = 3), which confirms the HLA-DR7 alloreactivity. The antigen configurations on B lymphocytes are similar to that on the multi-antigen beads while distinct from the single-antigen beads. HLA-DR7 was the repeating mismatched antigen with the failing first kidney allograft. The newly emerged antibody to HLA-DR7 probably is the consequence of bystander activation of memory response by the COVID-19 vaccination. This case highlights the importance of verifying allo-sensitization history and utilizing multiple assays, including cell-based crossmatch and solid-phase assays with multi-antigens. COVID-19 immunization may deserve special attention when assessing the immunological risk before and after organ transplantation.
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