ArticleInternational ophthalmology2021
Evaluation of dry eye and Meibomian gland dysfunction in female androgenetic alopecia patients.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of a blink frequency threshold for maintaining tear film stability in young adults with dry eye symptoms.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- In Vivo Confocal Microscopy for Automated Detection of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Study Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate dry eye tests and Meibomian gland functions in female androgenetic alopecia patients. MATERIALS AND
methodsTwenty left eyes of 20 female androgenetic alopecia patients (Group 1) and 20 left eyes of 20 healthy female volunteers (Group 2) were enrolled in the study. The presence of dry eye was evaluated with Schirmer 1 test, invasive tear film break-up time (T-BUT), Oxford scale scoring and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score assessments. Evaluation of upper and lower eyelid Meibomian glands was performed using infrared filter of a slit-lamp biomicroscope, and the drop out ratio was scored for each eyelid.
resultsThe mean ages of Group 1 and Group 2 were 48.3 ± 6.6 (range, 38-58) and 49.8 ± 5.4 (range, 38-59) years, respectively (P = 0.437). Mean T-BUT was statistically significantly lower in Group 1 (P = 0.013); mean OSDI score was significantly higher in Group 1 (P = 0.049). Mean Schirmer 1 score was lower and mean Oxford score was higher in Group 1, but the differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.291, P = 0.088, respectively). In addition, upper, lower and total meiboscores were significantly higher in Group 1 (P = 0.007, P = 0.003, P = 0.002, respectively).
conclusionAlterations in sex hormones play a role in the pathogenesis of both female androgenetic alopecia and Meibomian gland dysfunction. Significant differences were detected in the results of dry eye tests and Meibomian gland dropout ratios between subjects with female androgenetic alopecia and healthy control subjects. For this reason, female androgenetic alopecia patients should be examined for dry eye and Meibomian gland dysfunction and should be treated to prevent serious consequences.
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