Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34241444›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America2021

Face masks and speaking style affect audio-visual word recognition and memory of native and non-native speech.

Rajka Smiljanic, Sandie Keerstock, Kirsten Meemann, Sarah M Ransom

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Reassessing the Benefits of Audiovisual Integration to Speech Perception and Intelligibility.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2025
    Article
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  3. Influence of face masks on recalibration of phonetic categories.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2023
    Article
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  9. Health sciences students' perception of the communicative impacts of face coverings during the COVID-19 pandemic at a South African University.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir Kommunikasieafwykings · 2022
    Article
  10. Impact of Using Facemasks on Literacy Learning: The Perception of Early Childhood Education Teachers.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2022
    Article
  11. Effects of Face Masks on Physiological Parameters and Voice Production during Cycling Activity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
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  20. TeleHealth or TeleWealth? Equity challenges for the future of cystic fibrosis care (Commentary).Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rajka SmiljanicDepartment of Linguistics, University of Texas at Austin, 305 East 23rd Street STOP B5100, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Sandie KeerstockDepartment of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri; 124 Psychology Building, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.ORCID s000000015121594X
Kirsten MeemannDepartment of Linguistics, University of Texas at Austin, 305 East 23rd Street STOP B5100, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Sarah M RansomDepartment of Linguistics, University of Texas at Austin, 305 East 23rd Street STOP B5100, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Though necessary, protective mask wearing in response to the COVID-19 pandemic presents communication challenges. The present study examines how signal degradation and loss of visual information due to masks affects intelligibility and memory for native and non-native speech. We also test whether clear speech can alleviate perceptual difficulty for masked speech. One native and one non-native speaker of English recorded video clips in conversational speech without a mask and conversational and clear speech with a mask. Native English listeners watched video clips presented in quiet or mixed with competing speech. The results showed that word recognition and recall of speech produced with a mask can be as accurate as without a mask in optimal listening conditions. Masks affected non-native speech processing at easier noise levels than native speech. Clear speech with a mask significantly improved accuracy in all listening conditions. Speaking clearly, reducing noise, and using surgical masks as well as good signal amplification can help compensate for the loss of intelligibility due to background noise, lack of visual cues, physical distancing, or non-native speech. The findings have implications for communication in classrooms and hospitals where listeners interact with teachers and healthcare providers, oftentimes non-native speakers, through their protective barriers.

Indexed as

COVID-19Speech PerceptionHumansMasksPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Speech Intelligibility

Identifiers

PMID34241444
PMCPMC8269755

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.