ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension2021
Midlife Blood Pressure Variability and Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Events During Extended Follow-up.
Article in American journal of hypertension, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association Between Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertensive Patients: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the SPRINT Trial.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Trial
- Blood Pressure Variability is Associated With Lower Cognitive Function: An Elderly Cohort Study in Hong Kong.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Article
- Utility of long-term systolic blood pressure variability for predicting the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2025Article
- Baseline and 7-Year longitudinal trajectories of systolic blood pressure and all-cause mortality in the elderly: A large prospective cohort study in China, 2017-2023.AIMS public health · 2025Article
- The effects of obstructive sleep apnea on blood pressure variability and load in patients with hypertension.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Age-Specific Association Between Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Hearing Loss: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Innovation in aging · 2024Article
- Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is a stronger predictor than blood pressure for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: a cohort study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular variability, sociodemographics, and biomarkers of disease: the MIDUS study.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Association between Variability of Metabolic Risk Factors and Cardiometabolic Outcomes.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2022Review
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8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStudies demonstrate an association between visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) and cardiovascular events and death. We aimed to determine the long-term cardiovascular and mortality effects of BPV in midlife in participants with and without cardiovascular risk factors.
methodsThis is a post-hoc analysis of the Atherosclerosis Risk in the Community study. Long-term BPV was derived utilizing mean systolic blood pressure at Visits 1-4 (Visit 1: 1987-1989, Visit 2: 1990-1992, Visit 3: 1993-1995, Visit 4: 1996-1998). The primary outcome was mortality from Visit 4 to 2016 and secondary outcome was cardiovascular events (fatal coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, cardiac procedure, or stroke). We fit Cox proportional hazards models and also performed the analysis in a subgroup of cardiovascular disease-free patients without prior stroke, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, hypertension, or diabetes.
resultsWe included 9,578 participants. The mean age at the beginning of follow-up was 62.9 ± 5.7 years, and mean follow-up was 14.2 ± 4.5 years. During follow-up, 3,712 (38.8%) participants died and 1,721 (n = 8,771, 19.6%) had cardiovascular events. For every SD higher in systolic residual SD (range 0-60.5 mm Hg, SD = 5.6 mm Hg), the hazard ratio for death was 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.12) and for cardiovascular events was 1.00 (95% CI 0.95-1.05). In cardiovascular disease-free participants (n = 4,452), the corresponding hazard ratio for death was 1.12 (95% CI 1.03-1.21) and for cardiovascular events was 1.01 (95% CI 0.89-1.14).
conclusionLong-term BPV during midlife is an independent predictor of later life mortality but not cardiovascular events.
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