ReviewFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2021
Dysregulation of Systemic Immunity in Aging and Dementia.
Review in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05522387 (An Open Label Extension of XPro1595 in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease That Have Completed a Phase 1 or Phase 2 Study With XPro1595), which is not on this map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Open Label Extension of XPro1595 in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease That Have Completed a Phase 1 or Phase 2 Study With XPro1595
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Bone mineral density and the risk of incident dementia: A meta-analysis.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024Pooled it
- Epigenetic aging in Alzheimer's disease: Relation to proteome.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Reprogramming Neuroinflammation: Mitochondrial Targets and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Resting-state functional connectivity and cognitive impairment after COVID-19 infection: Evidence from a large-scale fMRI study.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Article
- Systems biology of Alzheimer's Disease: a scoping review of key pathways and mechanisms.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Neurogenesis and Neuroinflammation in Dialogue: Mapping Gaps, Modulating Microglia, Rewiring Aging.Cells · 2026Review
- Deciphering skin architecture, wound pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of healing: insights into immune response and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- A Review of Cutaneous Viral Infections and Their Potential Role in Neurologic Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Marine Bioactive Components and Chronic Neuroinflammation: Focus on Neurodegenerative Disease.Marine drugs · 2025Review
- Pancreatic hypersecretion of amyloid-forming human amylin dysregulates the neuro-immune axis and B cell development in a model of type-2 diabetes.Neurobiology of disease · 2025Article
- Splenomegaly, Spleen Amyloidosis and Neutrophil Infiltration are Present in 3xTg-AD, but not Tg-SwDI Mice.Neuromolecular medicine · 2025Article
- Biological Age, Aging Clocks, and the Interplay with Lymphoid Neoplasms: Mechanisms and Clinical Frontiers.Lymphatics · 2025Article
- Navigation Between Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Its Various Pathophysiological Trajectories: The Pathogenic Link to Neuroimmunology-Genetics and Neuroinflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Systemic inflammation as a central player in the initiation and development of Alzheimer's disease.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Restoring neuropetide Y levels in the hypothalamus ameliorates premature aging phenotype in mice.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Pro-inflammatory cytokine genetic variants show variable susceptibility to mild cognitive impairment, alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia in South India.Neurogenetics · 2025Article
- Dietary patterns and blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in cognitively intact older adults: Findings from a population-based study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- The role of serum vitamins in mediating the effect of neurodegenerative diseases on subcortical brain volume.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- APOE genotype confers context-dependent neurovascular vulnerability in immune-vascularized human forebrain organoids.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Unmasking a Paradox: Roles of the PD-1/PD-L1 Axis in Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Neuroinflammation.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and the tissue-resident innate immune cells, the microglia, respond and contribute to neurodegenerative pathology. Although microglia have been the focus of work linking neuroinflammation and associated dementias like Alzheimer's Disease, the inflammatory milieu of brain is a conglomerate of cross-talk amongst microglia, systemic immune cells and soluble mediators like cytokines. Age-related changes in the inflammatory profile at the levels of both the brain and periphery are largely orchestrated by immune system cells. Strong evidence indicates that both innate and adaptive immune cells, the latter including T cells and B cells, contribute to chronic neuroinflammation and thus dementia. Neurodegenerative hallmarks coupled with more traditional immune system stimuli like infection or injury likely combine to trigger and maintain persistent microglial and thus brain inflammation. This review summarizes age-related changes in immune cell function, with special emphasis on lymphocytes as a source of inflammation, and discusses how such changes may potentiate both systemic and central nervous system inflammation to culminate in dementia. We recap the understudied area of AD-associated changes in systemic lymphocytes in greater detail to provide a unifying perspective of inflammation-fueled dementia, with an eye toward evidence of two-way communication between the brain parenchyma and blood immune cells. We focused our review on human subjects studies, adding key data from animal models as relevant.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.