ArticleScientific reports2021
Handgrip strength as a moderator of the influence of age on olfactory impairment in US adult population ≥ 40 years of age.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide association study meta-analysis uncovers novel genetic variants associated with olfactory dysfunction.BMC genomic data · 2025Pooled it
- Olfaction and muscle strength in older adults: a longitudinal study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Functional olfactory impairment and fatigue in post-COVID-19 syndrome including ME/CFS - a longitudinal prospective observational study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Moderation Effect of Handgrip Strength on Cognition and Functional Independence Associations in Adults Over 90 Years.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Article
- Better olfaction was associated with lower healthcare expenditure among physically independent Japanese community-dwelling older adults: the Yanai study.Frontiers in aging · 2025Article
- Editorial: Interaction of cell subtypes in tumor microenvironment, and implications for immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Global Poorer Olfaction, Frailty and Postoperative Adverse Outcomes: Exploring Their Interplay in a Prospective Cohort of Older Adults Undergoing Elective Surgery.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether handgrip strength attenuates the negative relationship between age and olfactory function in a representative US population sample 40 years old and over. A cross-sectional study was performed with 2861 adults from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey NHANES (2013-2014). An 8-item odor identification test was applied to determine olfactory function. Muscle strength was determined through a handgrip dynamometer (defined as the sum of the largest handgrip strength reading from right and left hands). Moderation analysis was performed to test whether the association between age and olfactory impairment was moderated by handgrip strength. Moderation analysis highlighted two regions of significance: the first region was found at < 56.6 kg, indicating that the adverse influence of age on olfactory function may be greater for the participants in this area; the second region was found at ≥ 56.6 kg, indicating that the negative impact of age on olfactory function disappeared for adults who were above this estimate point. In conclusion, handgrip strength, a general indicator of muscle strength, moderates the relationship between age and olfactory ability in a US adult population aged 40 years and older. Our findings are clinically relevant, since they emphasize the importance of muscular fitness in adulthood and old age by diminishing the deleterious effect of aging on olfactory performance.
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Registered trials
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